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Directions (1-10): Read the following Passage and answer the questions given below.
The Supreme Court on Tuesday admitted a plea of a couple to lift the prohibition on entry of Muslim women into mosques across the country.
“The only reason we may hear you is because of our judgment in Sabarimala temple,” a Bench of Justices S.A. Bobde and S. Abdul Nazeer remarked orally. The court issued notice to the government and various bodies, including the National Commission for Women.
In September last, a Constitution Bench of the court lifted the age-old ban on women of menstrual age, between 10 and 50 years, entering the famed Sabarimala temple in Kerala. The decision created uproar. Multiple review petitions were filed, heard and reserved for judgment. The court had held that the Sabarimala ban amounted to discrimination and even the practice of untouchability. Women had equal right to worship in a “public” temple.
The court had also played a key role in facilitating the entry of women into the sanctum of the Haji Ali dargah in Mumbai.
Justice Bobde asked whether a petition seeking right to equality can be filed against individuals and non-State actors like people who pray in and manage mosques. The fundamental right to equality under Article 14 of the Constitution was available only against the State, he observed.
“Is a mosque a ‘State’? Is a church a ‘State’? Is a temple a ‘State’? We are not talking about the cement and mortar that make mosques but the people in them. Can the fundamental right of equality be imposed against another human being,” he asked.
When the lawyer raised objections, the Bench asked him to read out Article 14. “You must be referring to a different Article 14 that we do not know about… The Article 14 starts with the words ‘State shall not deny…’ The relief is against the State only,” Justice Bobde addressed the lawyer.
At one point, the lawyer said women were not allowed to enter mosques to pray despite several letters to imams. The petitioner had even sought police help to enter mosque, the lawyer claimed.
“You do not want someone to enter your house. Can that person then get police help to enter your house? If persons in mosques don’t want you [women] to enter, can you agitate right to equality against them? Fundamental right to equality is only available against the State and not individuals,” Justice Bobde retorted.
The Pune-based couple, Yasmeen Zuber Ahmad and Zuber Ahmad, told the court that the ban was illegal, unconstitutional and a violation of their dignity.
“There should not be any gender discrimination and Muslim women should be allowed to pray in all mosques, cutting across denominations. There is no such gender discrimination to offer worship in Mecca, the holy city. The faithful, both men and women, together circle the Kaaba,” their petition said.
Presently, women are allowed to offer prayers at mosques under the Jamaat-e-Islami and Mujahid denominations. Women are barred from mosques under the predominant Sunni faction.
Even in mosques where women are allowed, there are separate entrances and enclosures for worship for men and women.
The petition argued that such a bar on Muslim women was “violative of Article 44 of the Constitution of India, which encourages the State to secure a Uniform Civil Code for all citizens, by eliminating discrepancies between various personal laws currently in force in the country”.
Choose the correct option, among the given choices which is most similar to the word given below, as mentioned in the passage.
1) Plea
a) Petition
b) homage
c) arrangement
d) treaty
e) pledge
Choose the correct option, among the given choices which is most similar to the word given below, as mentioned in the passage.
2) Uproar
a) panoramic
b) furore
c) futile
d) upbeat
e) hostile
Choose the correct option, among the given choices which is most similar to the word given below, as mentioned in the passage.
3) Agitate
a) violent
b) nervous
c) Chaotic
d) perturb
e) pandemonium
Choose the correct option, among the given choices which is most Opposite to the word given below, as mentioned in the passage.
4) barred
a) removed
b) prohibited
c) allowed
d) Cautionary
c) banned
Choose the correct option, among the given choices which is most Opposite to the word given below, as mentioned in the passage.
5) Violative
a) unlawful
b) disorderly
c) violent
d) virulent
e) supportive
Choose the correct option, among the given choices which is most Opposite to the word given below, as mentioned in the passage.
6) discrepancies
a) inconsistency
b) irregularity
c) deformity
d) distortion
e) monotony
7) What decision of the constitution bench of the Supreme Court caused a huge uproar?
a) The court banned Article 44 of the Constitution of India, which encourages the State to secure a Uniform Civil Code for all citizens.
b) The court lifted the age-old ban on women of menstrual age, between 10 and 50 years, entering the famed Sabarimala temple in Kerala.
c) The bench barred the muslim women from entering the mosque between evening till morning.
d) The court allowed the Pune-based couple, Yasmeen Zuber Ahmad and Zuber Ahmad, to enter the mosque.
e) The court lifted the age-old ban on women of menstrual age, between 13 and 55 years, entering the famed Sabarimala temple in Kerala.
8) What did the Pune-based couple Yasmeen Zuber Ahmad and Zuber Ahmadappeal for?
a) They appealed to the court as they have been getting death threats from other Sunni factions.
b) The appeal was to restore article 45 of the constitution.
c) They appealed to allow them to avail the benefits of working abroad in the West.
d) The appeal was to lift the prohibition on Muslim women from wearing a veil across the country.
e) The appeal was to lift the prohibition on entry of Muslim women into mosques across the country.
9) Which of the following statements are correct, according to the given passage?
I. Presently, women are not allowed to offer prayers at mosques under the Jamaat-e-Islami and Mujahid denominations.
II. The court had held last year, that the Sabarimala ban amounted to discrimination and even the practice of untouchability.
III. Article 44 of the Constitution of India encourages the State to secure a Uniform Civil Code for all citizens, by eliminating discrepancies between various personal laws currently in force in the country.
a) Only I)
b) Only II)
c) I) & II)
d) II) & III)
e) All are correct
10) What can be a suitable Title for the passage?
a) Supreme Court admits plea to lift ban on Muslim women entering mosques.
b) Supreme Court lifts the ban on women from entering the mosques.
c) Uproar on the new ruling of the Supreme Court.
d) Kerala’s Muslims heave a sigh of life on SC’s verdict.
e) Article 44 and all you need to know about Uniform civil code.
Answers :
Directions (1-10):
1) Answer: a)
Plea means petition or an appeal. Hence it is the correct option.
2) Answer: b)
Uproar means an outcry or commotion. So it is closest to option b).
3) Answer: d)
Agitate is related to perturb or concern. Hence it is the correct option.
Directions (4-6):
4) Answer: b)
Option b) is closest antonym of ‘barred’. Other choices a), b) and e) are synonyms.
5) Answer: e)
Option e) is closest antonym of ‘Violative’. Other choices a) and b) are synonyms.
6) Answer: e)
All other options are synonyms of the given word. Option e) comes closest opposite to the word.
7) Answer: b)
the court lifted the age-old ban on women of menstrual age, between 10 and 50 years, entering the famed Sabarimala temple in Kerala.
8) Answer: e)
the appeal was to lift the prohibition on entry of Muslim women into mosques across the country.
9) Answer: d)
II) & III)
IV) In statement I) the correct statement should be- Women are allowed to offer prayers at mosques under the Jamaat-e-Islami and Mujahid denominations.
10) Answer: a)
Supreme court admits plea to lift ban on Muslim women entering mosques.
