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Direction (1-5): In the following passage, some of the words have been left out, each of which is indicated by a number. Find the suitable word from the options given against each number and fill up the blanks with appropriate words to make the paragraph meaningfully complete.
In any strong (1) …… context, any inter-caste, interreligious or interregional marriage faces opposition from different sections of society. But there is a difference in the three categories.
Interregional marriages, for example, are considered relatively less objectionable. Such marriages between two persons belonging to culturally different regions (2) …… to be organised around common life that is shared by the spouses on the grounds that it offers modern culture based on autonomy and individuality. In that respect, it looks progressive to some, but it does not go far enough in terms of its (3) ……. These marriages, though forming into modern culture, still have a narrow social base. Meaning, these marriages arguably happen within and between twice-born castes.
Arguably, the opposition to interregional marriages is not (4) …… because the social background in most of the cases is the same. The opposition to inter-caste marriages is continuous and is much more violent, leading to physical elimination through both active and passive murder. The crime of murder acquires an active character when the couple is murdered by the parents from either side. The murder acquires a passive character when the couple is (5) …… to a decision such as suicide. It is quite ironic that the state promotion of such marriages, particularly between lower-caste and upper-caste persons, runs contrary to the patriarchal power that regulates matrimonial relations through jati panchayat or caste associations.
1) In any strong (1) …… context, any inter-caste, interreligious or interregional marriage faces opposition from different sections of society.
A.patriarchal
B.repeal
C.clout
D.incompetence
E.None of these
2) Such marriages between two persons belonging to culturally different regions (2) …… to be organised around common life that is shared by the spouses on the grounds that it offers modern culture based on autonomy and individuality.
A.blaze
B.seem
C.sway
D.rescind
E.None of these
3) In that respect, it looks progressive to some, but it does not go far enough in terms of its (3) …….
A.sway
B.compel
C.abrogate
D.deleterious
E.None of these
4) Arguably, the opposition to interregional marriages is not (4) …… because the social background in most of the cases is the same.
A.stiff
B.flurry
C.deplete
D.detrimental
E.None of these
5) The murder acquires a passive character when the couple is (5) …… to a decision such as suicide.
A.besiege
B.expend
C.impel
D.abetted
E.None of these
Direction (6-10): In the following passage, certain words which may be either contextually or grammatically incorrect have been highlighted and numbered. For each highlighted four alternatives are provided that could replace the highlighted word to make the sentence both grammatically and contextually correct. Option corresponding to that word will be your answer. If none of the given options could replace the highlighted word then choose option (E), i.e. ‘None of these’ as your answer.
The Allahabad High Court ruling that people marrying under the Special Marriage Act, 1954, can choose not to publicise their union with a notice 30 days in advance may not exactly be a judicial aptly(1) against problematic anti-conversion laws enacted by several BJP-ruled States. But it serves to get a major irritant out of the way of couples wanting to marry against the wishes of their parents or their immediate community. Many inter caste and inter-faith marriages have faced violent opposition from those acting in the name of community pride or those raising the debilitating(2) of ‘love jihad’. Hindutva activists have been targeting Muslim men marrying Hindu women, especially if the women have converted to Islam prior to the marriage. The court said that mandatorily publishing a notice of the intended marriage and calling for objections violates the right to privacy. According to the new order, if a couple gives it in writing that they do not want the notice publicised, the Marriage Officer can miraculous(3) the marriage. Under Section 5 of the Act, which enables inter-faith marriages, the couple has to give notice to the Marriage Officer; and under Sections 6 and 7, the officer has to publicise the notice and call for objections. But, in his order, Justice Vivek Chaudhary said the Act’s interpretation has to be such that it upholds fundamental rights, not violate them. Laws should not yardstick(4) liberty and privacy, he said, “including within its sphere freedom to choose for marriage without interference from state and non-state actors, of the persons concerned”.
The HC ruling came on the stupendous(5) of a Muslim woman who converted to Hinduism for marriage as the couple saw the notice period under the Special Marriage Act as an invasion of their privacy.
6) The Allahabad High Court ruling that people marrying under the Special Marriage Act, 1954, can choose not to publicise their union with a notice 30 days in advance may not exactly be a judicial aptly(1) against problematic anti-conversion laws enacted by several BJP-ruled States.
A.sour
B.pushback
C.ambition
D.unbridled
E.None of these
7) Many inter caste and inter-faith marriages have faced violent opposition from those acting in the name of community pride or those raising the debilitating(2) of ‘love jihad’. Hindutva activists have been targeting Muslim men marrying Hindu women, especially if the women have converted to Islam prior to the marriage.
A.bogey
B.vaguely
C.draconian
D.nasty
E.None of these
8) According to the new order, if a couple gives it in writing that they do not want the notice publicised, the Marriage Officer can miraculous(3) the marriage. Under Section 5 of the Act, which enables inter-faith marriages, the couple has to give notice to the Marriage Officer; and under Sections 6 and 7, the officer has to publicise the notice and call for objections.
A.inventiveness
B.affronted
C.embittered
D.solemnise
E.None of these
9) Laws should not yardstick(4) liberty and privacy, he said, “including within its sphere freedom to choose for marriage without interference from state and non-state actors, of the persons concerned”.
A.aggrieved
B.resentful
C.defamation
D.revolting
E.None of these
10) The HC ruling came on the stupendous(5) of a Muslim woman who converted to Hinduism for marriage as the couple saw the notice period under the Special Marriage Act as an invasion of their privacy.
A.calumny
B.slander
C.plea
D.repugnant
E.None of these
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Answers :
1) Answer: A
In the given sentence, only ‘patriarchal’ makes it grammatically as well as contextually correct.
Option A): is the correct alternative among the following as ‘patriarchal’ fit here both grammatically and contextually
Option B): is incorrect as repeal means revoke or annul (a law or act of parliament) which does not make any sense here.
Option C): is incorrect as clout means a heavy blow with the hand or a hard object.
Option D): is incorrect as incompetence does not fit here contextually. It means inability to do something successfully; ineptitude.
2) Answer: B
In the given sentence, only ‘seem’ makes it grammatically as well as contextually correct.
Option A): is incorrect because blaze means a very large or fiercely burning fire which does not fit here.
Option B): is the correct alternative among the following as seem means give the impression of being something or having a particular quality which fit here both grammatically and contextually
Option C): is incorrect as sway means move or cause to move slowly or rhythmically backwards and forwards or from side to side.
Option D): is incorrect as rescind means revoke, cancel, or repeal (a law, order, or agreement) which does not fit here contextually.
3) Answer: E
In the given sentence, only ‘radicalness’ makes it grammatically as well as contextually correct.
Option A): is incorrect because sway means move or cause to move slowly or rhythmically backwards and forwards or from side to side which does not fit here.
Option B): is incorrect as compel means force or oblige (someone) to do something which does not make any sense here.
Option C): is incorrect as ‘abrogate’ does not fit here. It means repeal or do away with (a law, right, or formal agreement).
Option D): is incorrect as deleterious does not fit here contextually. It means causing harm or damage.
4) Answer: A
In the given sentence, only ‘stiff’ makes it grammatically as well as contextually correct.
Option A is the correct alternative among the following as stiff perfectly fits in the blank both grammatically and contextually. It means rigid or firm.
Option B is incorrect as flurry means a small swirling mass of something, especially snow or leaves, moved by sudden gusts of wind which does not make any sense here.
Option C is incorrect because deplete means use up the supply or resources of.
Option D is incorrect because detrimental means tending to cause harm which is contextually wrong.
5) Answer: D
In the given sentence, only ‘abetted’ makes it grammatically as well as contextually correct.
Option A): is incorrect because besiege means surround (a place) with armed forces in order to capture it or force its surrender which does not fit here.
Option B): is incorrect as expend means spend or use up (a resource such as money or energy) which does not make any sense here.
Option C): is incorrect as ‘impel’ does not fit here. It means drive, force, or urge (someone) to do something.
Option D): is the correct alternative among the following as ‘abetted’ fit here both grammatically and contextually. It means encourage or assist (someone) to do something wrong, in particular to commit a crime.
6) Answer: B
In the given sentence, ‘pushback’ should replace ‘aptly’ to make the sentence both grammatically and contextually correct.
Option A): is incorrect because sour means having an acid taste like lemon or vinegar which does not fit here.
Option B): is the correct alternative among the following as pushback means a negative or unfavourable reaction or response which fit here both grammatically and contextually
Option C): is incorrect as ambition means a strong desire to do or achieve something.
Option D): is incorrect as unbridled means uncontrolled; unconstrained which does not fit here contextually.
7) Answer: A
In the given sentence, ‘bogey’ should replace ‘debilitating’ to make the sentence both grammatically and contextually correct.
Option A): is the correct alternative among the following as ‘bogey’ fit here both grammatically and contextually. It means an imaginary evil spirit.
Option B): is incorrect as vaguely means in a way that is uncertain, indefinite or unclear; roughly which does not make any sense here.
Option C): is incorrect as draconian means (of laws or their application) excessively harsh and severe.
Option D): is incorrect as nasty does not fit here contextually.
8) Answer: D
In the given sentence, ‘solemnise’ should replace ‘miraculous’ to make the sentence both grammatically and contextually correct.
Option A): is incorrect because inventiveness means the quality of being inventive; creativity which does not fit here.
Option B): is incorrect as affronted means offend the modesty or values of which does not make any sense here.
Option C): is incorrect as ‘embittered’ does not fit here. It means angry or resentful at having been treated unfairly.
Option D): is the correct alternative among the following as ‘solemnise’ fit here both grammatically and contextually. It means duly performed (a ceremony, especially that of marriage).
9) Answer: E
In the given sentence, ‘invade’ should replace ‘yardstick’ to make the sentence both grammatically and contextually correct. It means (of an armed force) enter (a country or region) so as to subjugate or occupy it.
Option A): is incorrect because aggrieved means feeling resentment at having been unfairly treated which does not fit here.
Option B): is incorrect as resentful means feeling or expressing bitterness or indignation at having been treated unfairly which does not make any sense here.
Option C): is incorrect as ‘defamation’ does not fit here.
Option D): is incorrect as revolting does not fit here contextually.
10) Answer: C
In the given sentence, ‘plea’ should replace ‘stupendous’ to make the sentence both grammatically and contextually correct.
Option A): is incorrect because calumny means the making of false and defamatory statements about someone in order to damage their reputation; slander which does not fit here.
Option B): is incorrect as slander means the action or crime of making a false spoken statement damaging to a person’s reputation.
Option C): is the correct alternative among the following as ‘plea’ means a request made in an urgent and emotional manner which fits here both grammatically and contextually.
Option D): is incorrect as repugnant means extremely distasteful; unacceptable which does not fit here contextually
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