Daily Current Affairs April 15th 2025 | Latest News | Download PDF

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CURRENT AFFAIRS: BANKING & FINANCE

National Payments Corporation of India Tightens Unified Payments Interface Rules: Ends International QR Payments, Caps Domestic Transactions

NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India) has revised the UPI framework, introducing major changes to international and domestic QR-based transactions.
The announcement follows frequent outages reported by users of Google Pay, Paytm, and other UPI platforms—third outage this month.

Key Highlights:

International QR Code Payments Discontinued

“QR share and pay” for international transactions has been discontinued.
Indian users abroad, including NRIs, can no longer scan merchant QR codes sent via messaging apps or social media for cross-border payments.
Move aimed at enhancing security and compliance due to concerns around traceability and potential misuse.

Domestic Transaction Cap Introduced

New ₹2,000 cap on QR share and pay for unverified merchants (not registered with NPCI).
Targets informal merchant setups without standard digital verification.
Aims to reduce consumer risk and prevent fraud in peer-to-merchant (P2M)
Encourages formalization of UPI among small/unregistered merchants.

Wallet Reload Regulations Tightened

NPCI has barred “collect requests” for prepaid wallets and gift cards.
Users must now initiate such reloads via “push requests”
The move comes after fraud cases involving unauthorized deductions through collect requests.
Designed to give more control to users and enhance transaction safety.

About NPCI:

Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Founded: 2008
CEO: Dilip Asbe
Key Initiatives: Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Immediate Payment Service (IMPS), RuPay (domestic card payment network), Bharat Bill Payment System (BBPS), Aadhaar Enabled Payment System (AePS)

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL NEWS

Second National Horticulture Expo 2081 Concludes in Kathmandu Valley

The Second National Horticulture Expo 2081 in Nepal, held over four days at Bhrikutimandap in Kathmandu Valley, concluded.
The expo showcased commercial nursery products including flowers, fruits, agricultural plants, forestry species, and herbs, drawing garden and plant enthusiasts from across the country.

Expo Overview

Event: Second National Horticulture Expo 2081
Duration: Four days; concluded on Sunday
Venue: Bhrikutimandap, Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Products and Displays

Over 700 species of plants were exhibited, sourced from flower, fruit, agro-forestry, and herbal nurseries.
The expo featured a wide array of horticultural products available for sale, including:
- Commercial nursery products (flowers, fruits, agricultural plants, forestry species, herbs)
- Fertilizers, organic and chemical pesticides
- Seeds, flower pots, tools, and horticulture technology

Interactive Components

A horticulture competition was organized, where participants showcased the best grafted plants.
The expo facilitated vibrant business activity, with more than 12 million transactions recorded during the mega fair.

RECENT NEWS

In January 2025, The first-ever International Pashmina Festival cum Exhibition, organized by the Nepal Pashmina Industries Association and the Confederation of Nepalese Industries, attracted significant attention from consumers.

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi Lays Foundation Stone for New Terminal at Maharaja Agrasen Airport in Hisar, Haryana

In line with his commitment to make air travel safe, affordable, and accessible to all, Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for the new Terminal Building of the Maharaja Agrasen Airport in Hisar, Haryana, with an investment of over Rs 410 crore.
The event was attended by a large gathering, where the Prime Minister also extended his greetings to the people of Haryana, recognizing their strength, sportsmanship, and brotherhood as the defining traits of the state.

Key Highlights

Event: Foundation Stone Laying of the New Terminal Building
Location: Maharaja Agrasen Airport, Hisar, Haryana
Investment: Over Rs 410 Crore
Prime Minister’s Address:
- Acknowledgment of Haryana’s people’s strength and brotherhood.
- Homage to Guru Jambheshwar, Maharaja Agrasen, and Agroha Dham.

Significance of the Event

Babasaheb Ambedkar’s Birth Anniversary: The Prime Minister marked the birth anniversary of Babasaheb Ambedkar, celebrating his life and his vision for the country. He reiterated that the government’s actions over the last 11 years are dedicated to fulfilling Babasaheb’s goals for the underprivileged, oppressed, and marginalized communities.
Aviation Connectivity:
- Flights from Hisar: Scheduled flights will connect Hisar to Ayodhya, Jammu, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, and Chandigarh.
- UDAN Scheme Impact: Under the UDAN scheme, nearly 90 aerodromes have been connected with over 600 operational routes, making air travel more affordable.

Waqf Act and Social Justice

Waqf Land Explotation: PM Modi criticized the previous government’s handling of the Waqf Act, which allowed land mafias to exploit Waqf properties. He emphasized that recent amendments to the Act will protect tribal lands and ensure Pasmanda Muslim families benefit from the land meant for the poor.

Haryana’s Role in Social Justice and Governance

Job Creation in Haryana: Modi praised the Haryana government under Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini for eradicating corruption and ensuring merit-based appointments. Thousands of youth were provided government jobs without needing bribes or political connections.
One Rank One Pension (OROP): The Prime Minister highlighted the implementation of OROP for ex-servicemen, disbursing ₹13,500 crore to Haryana’s veterans, which was neglected by previous governments.

Background of the New Terminal Building

The new terminal will feature a state-of-the-art passenger terminal, cargo terminal, and ATC building. It is designed to enhance aviation connectivity for Haryana with flights to Ayodhya, Jammu, Ahmedabad, and Chandigarh.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: STATE NEWS

Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) and Government of Arunachal Pradesh hosts International Conclave cum Buyer-Seller Meet at Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh

The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), in collaboration with the Government of Arunachal Pradesh, hosted an International Conclave cum Buyer-Seller Meet (IBSM) at the Kalawangpo Convention Hall in Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh.
The event aimed to promote agricultural and processed food exports from Arunachal Pradesh and the broader North-Eastern Region (NER) of India.
In his keynote address, Shri Pema Khandu, the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh, committed to developing the agricultural and allied sectors, focusing on enhancing farmer livelihoods, empowering Self-Help Groups (SHGs), and encouraging women-led development.

Key Highlights:

He envisioned boosting agri-exports of GI tagged products such as Khaw Tai Rice (Khamti Rice), Mandarin Orange, Kiwi, Apple, Persimmon, and Yak Cheese (Churpi) to South East Asian and ASEAN countries.
He encouraged both domestic and international buyers to invest in the state’s untapped potential.
Shri Gabriel Denwang Wangsu, the Minister of Agriculture, Government of Arunachal Pradesh, emphasized the need to raise awareness and build the capacity of farmers to ensure they receive fair prices for their products in both domestic and international markets.
The event was graced by prominent figures such as Shri Manish Gupta, Chief Secretary, Shri Siraj Hussain, Former Union Secretary, and Shri Abhishek Dev, Chairman of APEDA, along with several officers from the Central and State Governments of India.
Shri Abhishek Dev, Chairman of APEDA, encouraged the identification of Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) and Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) from Arunachal Pradesh to participate in key national and international trade fairs for market access and promotion.
The focus will be on branding, international promotion, and the development of agriculture products from the state for export.
The International Conclave cum Buyer-Seller Meet facilitated direct interactions between 11 international buyers from UAE, Nepal, and Bhutan, and 17 Indian exporters from 7 states and UTs including Assam, Maharashtra, Delhi, Hyderabad, Karnataka, Gujarat, and West Bengal.
Over 50 FPOs and 350 farmers from Arunachal Pradesh participated in the event to showcase their agri-produce quality, availability, and production quantities.
APEDA played a vital role in facilitating discussions among policymakers, buyers, exporters, exhibitors, and industry leaders in key sectors such as organic produce, millets, honey, fresh fruits and vegetables, processed food, spices, and tea to unlock the potential of Arunachal Pradesh’s agri-business and processed food export sectors.

About APEDA:

Formed : 13 February 1986
Headquarters : New Delhi, India
Chairman : Abhishek Dev
APEDA is a statutory body under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India, tasked with promoting and facilitating the export of agricultural and processed food products.
It provides invaluable support to Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs), Farmer Producer Companies, and Indian exporters in navigating international markets.

About Arunachal Pradesh:

Chief Minister: Pema Khandu
Governor: Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik
Capital: Itanagar
National Parks: Namdapha National Park, Mouling National Park, Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary,
Wildlife Sanctuaries: Pakke Tiger Reserve, Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary, Dampa Tiger Reserve, Daying Ering Wildlife Sanctuary

Mumbai Launches ‘Mumbai 1’ Smart Card to Streamline Urban Transit

Mumbai 1 Smart Card to offer unified access to suburban trains, metro, monorail, and BEST buses through a single contactless card.
Jointly announced by Union Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw and Maharashtra CM Devendra Fadnavis.
Part of a broader urban mobility reform plan in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR).
Initially functional on Metro Rail Lines 1, 2A, and 7 via a dedicated software application.
Future plans include integration with suburban railway, monorail, and BEST buses.
The State Government and Indian Railways are working to expand compatibility across all transport modes.
Rollout of the card expected within a month.

Features of Mumbai 1 Card:

Tap-and-go payment system across transit points.
Single ticket booking for multi-mode end-to-end journeys.
Chip-based security for protection of data.
Stored value with pay-as-you-go
Printed validity at the time of issuance.
Replacement available for Rs 100 if lost or damaged.

Transport Infrastructure Upgrade:

238 new air-conditioned (AC) trains to be inducted into Mumbai’s suburban railway
Aim is to phase out non-AC coaches in a two-phase process.
No official timeline provided for full implementation.
Initiative part of a broader push to digitize and modernize public transport in Mumbai.
Full integration across all transport systems is still in progress.

Recent News:

In April 2025, in a culturally significant step, the Maharashtra government decided to rename the historic town of Khultabad to its earlier name, Ratnapur.

Maharashtra signs Memorandum of Understanding with Russia’s ROSATOM to develop thorium-based small modular reactor

The Maharashtra government has signed an MoU with ROSATOM, Russia’s state-owned nuclear energy corporation, to develop Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) powered by thorium fuel.
The agreement was signed in the presence of Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis under the ‘Make in Maharashtra’ initiative, aiming to boost advanced nuclear technology in the state.

Key Features of the MoU

MAHAGENCO and ROSATOM’s Thorium SMR programme will collaborate on:
- Development of thorium-fueled SMRs within Maharashtra.
- Commercial deployment as per Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) safety norms.
- Setting up a local manufacturing and assembly line to scale reactor production.
MITRA (Maharashtra Institution for Transformation) will provide strategic support to the project.
A joint working group will be formed involving:
- MAHAGENCO
- Rosatom Energy Projects
- MITRA
- Global Technology Alliance

About Maharashtra:

Chief Minister: Devendra Fadnavis
Governor: C. P. Radhakrishnan
Capital: Mumbai, Nagpur (Winter)
National Parks: Tadoba National Park, Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Chandoli National Park, Gugamal National Park, Navegaon National Park
Wildlife Sanctuaries: Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnala Bird Sanctuary, Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary

CURRENT AFFAIRS: BUSINESS NEWS

India’s Foreign Exchange Reserves Surge by $10.8 Billion

India’s foreign exchange reserves saw a significant increase, rising by $10.8 billion to reach $676.3 billion in the week ending April 4, 2025, as per the latest data released by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
This marks the fifth consecutive week of gains in India’s forex reserves, signaling a strengthening external position.

Key Contributors to Reserve Increase

Foreign Currency Assets: Rose by $9 billion, reaching $574.08 billion.
Gold Reserves: Increased by $1.5 billion, totaling $79.36 billion.
Special Drawing Rights (SDRs): Gained $186 million, bringing the total to $18.36 billion.

Previous Week Data

Week Ending March 28: Forex reserves touched a five-month high of $665.4 billion, after a $6.6 billion increase.

Recent Trends in Forex Reserves

The recent uptrend marks a reversal from a period of decline, primarily due to revaluation losses and RBI interventions to manage rupee volatility.
This positive trend reflects a stronger external position for India after weeks of decline.

Historical Highs

All-time High: India’s forex reserves peaked at $704.89 billion in September 2024.

India’s Merchandise Trade Deficit

India’s merchandise trade deficit for February narrowed to a three-year low of $14.05 billion, compared to $22.99 billion in January 2025.
Exports: Remained steady despite global uncertainties, indicating resilience.
Imports: Declined, contributing to the improved trade deficit.
Geopolitical Uncertainties: The decline in imports signals strength in the external sector despite ongoing global economic challenges.

CURRENT AFFAIRES: AWARDS AND HONOURS

Aamir Khan Honoured with ‘Master Humor Award’ at Macau International Comedy Festival 2025

Bollywood superstar Aamir Khan received the prestigious ‘Master Humor Award’ at the Macau International Comedy Festival 2025 held in Macau, China.
The event, which ran from April 9–13, 2025, also marked Aamir’s first public appearance with his new partner Gauri Spratt.
His presence captivated fans, especially in China, where he enjoys immense popularity and is fondly called ‘Uncle Mi’.

Event Details

Festival: Macau International Comedy Festival 2025
Award: Master Humor Award
Dates: April 9–13, 2025
Venue: Macau, China

Cultural Impact in China

Aamir Khan is hugely popular in China and affectionately nicknamed ‘Uncle Mi’.
His films have outperformed Indian collections in the Chinese market, including:
- 3 Idiots (2009)
- PK (2014)
- Dangal (2016) – Grossed over ₹1000 crore (~$193 million)
- Secret Superstar (2017) – Earned ~$109 million

Panel Participation

Aamir joined popular Chinese comedians Ma Li and Shen Teng in a panel discussion titled ‘Laughter is the Best Medicine’.
The discussion focused on the future of comedy and its role in social change.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: MOUS AND AGREEMENT

India-Italy Strategic Partnership: Strengthening Bilateral Ties

India and Italy have made significant strides in deepening their bilateral ties, focusing on vital areas such as trade, defence, clean energy, and strategic connectivity.
Union Minister for Commerce and Industry Piyush Goyal has said that India and Italy are working to forge impactful partnerships across various sectors and elevate their strategic partnership to a comprehensive strategic relationship.
This new phase of cooperation was marked by the visit of Italian Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani to India.
The discussions centered around trade, defence, and security, as well as shared goals for a secure Indo-Pacific.

Key Points for Exams

Bilateral Relations: Recent Developments

Strong commitment from both nations to expand cooperation in:
- Trade and investment
- Defence and security
- Clean energy and green transition
- High technology and infrastructure

Antonio Tajani’s Visit

Strategic discussions with External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar.
Review of JSAP 2025–29 and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEEC).

High-Level Diplomatic Engagement

Focus areas:
- Boosting bilateral trade
- Defence industrial collaboration
- Cooperation in space, science, and digital technology
- Enhancing people-to-people exchanges and mobility

Geopolitical Convergence

Support for a free and inclusive Indo-Pacific.
Dialogue on Indo-Pacific security, the Global South, and multilateral reform.
Reaffirmation of India’s Act East and Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI).

JSAP 2025–29: Joint Strategic Action Plan

Launched during the Modi-Meloni meeting in November 2023.
Objective: To guide bilateral ties for the next 5 years.
Key sectors:
- AI, Cybersecurity, Digital Technologies
- Renewable energy and biofuels
- Telecom, Biotechnology, Education, and Youth mobility

IMEEC – India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor

Strategic corridor to enhance:
- Multimodal connectivity
- Trade integration and energy security between India, the Middle East, and Europe
Italy’s proactive role:
- Appointed a special envoy for IMEEC
- Renewed bilateral commitment to advance the project.

India-Italy Diplomatic Overview

Ties established in 1947.
Strategic Partnership declared in March 2023 during Italian PM Giorgia Meloni’s visit to India.
People-to-people ties: ~200,000 Indian diaspora in Italy.
Strong cultural, educational, and architectural cooperation.

Economic Linkages

Italy: India’s 4th largest EU trading partner.
Trade Volume (2023–24): Over $15 billion.
Key sectors: Machinery, automotive, chemicals, fashion, renewable energy.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: DEFENCE NEWS

INS Sunayna entered Port of Dar-es-Salaam in Tanzania

INS Sunayna, designated as Indian Ocean Ship (IOS) SAGAR ship, entered Dar-es-Salaam Port in Tanzania.
The ship departed from Karwar, Goa, on April 5, carrying 44 naval personnel from nine Friendly Foreign Nations (FFNs) of the Indian Ocean Region.
Participating Friendly Foreign Nations (FFNs): Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar, Maldives, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and South Africa.
Next Mission Leg: INS Sunayna will depart Dar-es-Salaam on April 15 for its next port of call — Nacala, Mozambique, continuing the IOS SAGAR mission.

Exercise AIKEYME

Conducted during the port call at Dar-es-Salaam.
To be inaugurated by Sanjay Seth, Minister of State for Defence.
Aims to:
- Enhance operational coordination
- Refine joint strategies
- Improve interoperability in maritime operations
Participating Indian Navy ships:
- INS Sunayna
- INS Chennai
- INS Kesari

Strategic Significance

Embarkation of FFN personnel reflects India’s commitment to global maritime cooperation.
Promotes:
- Collective maritime security
- Goodwill among partner nations
- Free and secure maritime navigation

Ministry of State Defence Sanjay Seth attends inaugural ceremony of AIKEYME (Africa India Key Maritime Engagement) in Tanzania

Union Minister of State for Defence, Sanjay Seth, attended the cultural programme of the AIKEYME exercise in Tanzania.

About AIKEYME:

The inaugural edition of AIKEYME began on April 13 and will continue till April 18.
“AIKEYME” means “Unity” in Sanskrit.
The initiative aligns with PM Narendra Modi’s vision of
MAHASAGAR — Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions.
A multilateral naval exercise focused on maritime progress and security.
Involves 10 countries, including:
India, Comoros, Djibouti, Kenya, Madagascar,
Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, South Africa, and Tanzania.

Key Highlights

Cultural engagement:
- Sanjay Seth interacted with members of the Indian community in Tanzania.
- Sameer Gupta, MD of Kamal Group, shared that his company has operated in Tanzania for over 20 years across multiple sectors.
Exercise details:
- Includes India’s 3 major naval ships and 4 Tanzanian vessels.
- Accompanied by a Defence Expo, showcasing collaborative defence capabilities.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

European Space Agency (ESA) Biomass Satellite Mission 2025: Tracking Forest Carbon from Space

The Biomass Satellite Mission, led by the European Space Agency (ESA), is set to launch in April 2025 aboard the Vega C rocket from French Guiana.
It is the seventh mission under ESA’s Earth Explorer programme and will be placed in a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) at an altitude of approximately 666 km.
The mission aims to map global forests, measure forest biomass, and evaluate carbon stock and carbon flux.
It will help scientists understand the role of forests in the carbon cycle and track the impact of deforestation and CO₂ emissions.
In addition to forest monitoring, the satellite will observe ice sheet movement in Antarctica and create digital models of densely vegetated terrains.
It will use Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology operating in the P-band frequency range (70 cm wavelength)—making it the first satellite in the world to carry a P-band SAR.
The radar is mounted on a large 12-meter deployable antenna.
The mission is part of ESA’s Earth Explorer programme, which provides vital data on Earth’s interior, cryosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, ionosphere, and land surfaces.
The first mission in this series, GOCE, launched in 2009, focused on gravity and ocean circulation.
The most recent mission before Biomass was EarthCARE, launched in May 2024, which studies clouds, aerosols, and radiation.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

Oscar Piastri Dominates Bahrain GP, Securing McLaren’s Historic Victory

McLaren’s Oscar Piastri delivered a commanding performance at the Bahrain International Circuit, clinching his second win of the 2025 Formula One season.
Starting from pole position, Piastri led the race even after a safety car interruption, reinforcing his championship contention alongside teammate Lando Norris.
With this victory, Piastri became the first repeat winner of the season and secured McLaren’s first-ever win at the home track of their Bahraini owners.

Race Highlights

Winner: Oscar Piastri (McLaren)
- Led from pole position and won by a margin of 499 seconds.
Significance:
- Second win of the season, following his triumph at the Shanghai GP.
- It marked his 50th Formula One race.
- Noted as McLaren’s first win at the Bahrain circuit.
- Piastri is now positioned second in the championship, only 3 points behind teammate Lando Norris.

Podium Finishers

1st: Oscar Piastri (McLaren)
2nd: George Russell (Mercedes)
3rd: Lando Norris (McLaren)

Championship Standings After Bahrain

Drivers’ Championship:
- Lando Norris – 77 points
- Oscar Piastri – 74 points
Constructors’ Championship:
- McLaren – 151 points
- Mercedes – 93 points

Notable Performances and Points Scorers

Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): Finished 4th.
Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): Finished 5th.
Max Verstappen (Red Bull): Finished 6th (drop in standings despite a strong performance in Japan).
Additional Points Scorers (from 7th to 10th place):
- 7th: Pierre Gasly (Alpine) – Achieved Alpine’s first points of the season.
- 8th: Esteban Ocon (Haas) – Bounced back from a qualifying crash.
- 9th: Yuki Tsunoda (Red Bull) – Contributed to Red Bull securing its first double points finish of the season.
- 10th: Oliver Bearman (Haas) – British rookie earned his point after starting from last.

ICC Forms Task Force for Displaced Afghan Women Cricketers

In a landmark move, the International Cricket Council (ICC) has launched a task force to support displaced Afghan women cricketers.
This initiative, in partnership with global cricket boards such as BCCI, ECB, and CA, aims to provide monetary and developmental support to help these athletes continue their careers amid political and social challenges.

Key Highlights of the Initiative

Formation of a Task Force

A dedicated task force has been established by the ICC to focus on the welfare and development of displaced Afghan women cricketers.

Collaboration with Global Cricket Boards

Partnering boards:
- BCCI (Board of Control for Cricket in India)
- ECB (England & Wales Cricket Board)
- CA (Cricket Australia)

Creation of a Dedicated Fund

A monetary support fund will be set up to provide essential resources to Afghan women cricketers.

High-Performance Programme

Comprehensive support through:
- Advanced coaching
- World-class training facilities
- Personalised mentorship programmes

Appointments and Re-appointments

Catherine Campbell re-appointed to the ICC Women’s Cricket Committee (WCC).
New members:
- Avril Fahey
- Pholetsi Moseki (WCC)

Men’s Cricket Committee Appointments

Sourav Ganguly re-appointed as Chair.
New and re-appointed members:
- Hamid Hassan
- Desmond Haynes
- Temba Bavuma
- VVS Laxman (re-appointed)
- Jonathan Trott