Daily Current Affairs April 16th 2025 | Latest News | Download PDF

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CURRENT AFFAIRS: BANKING & FINANCE

Deepak Shenoy’s Capitalmind gets Securities and Exchange Board of India approval to launch mutual fund operations

• Capitalmind Financial Services, founded by Deepak Shenoy, gets SEBI’s final approval to launch Capitalmind Mutual Fund.
• Operations run through Capitalmind Asset Management Private Limited (Capitalmind AMC).
• AMC will offer actively managed equity schemes using quantitative strategies.
• Capitalmind currently manages ₹2,000 crore+ assets via PMS and AIF, serving over 1,400 clients.
• Noted PMS strategies: Adaptive Momentum and Surge India with strong post-fee returns in the past 5 years.
• Known for data-driven, rules-based investing and daily equity curve publication.
• SEBI approval is seen as validation for transparent, investor-first strategies.
• Operations and tech stack built in-house (includes fund accounting and automated trading systems).
• India’s mutual fund AUM crosses ₹65 lakh crore, with over 5.3 crore unique investors.
• Capitalmind Premium platform has 20,000+ investors, 4 lakh+ followers, and 8.5 lakh podcast downloads.
• Anoop Vijaykumar, Head of Equities, aims to simplify investing for retail investors.
• Initial offerings to focus on equity funds, with future expansion into debt, hybrid, and multi-asset

Recent News:

• In March 2025, SEBI revised its regulations to lower the minimum investment in the Social Stock Exchange (SSE) from ₹10,000 to ₹1,000, making social impact investments more accessible to smaller investors.

About SEBI :

• Established : 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Chairman : Tuhin Kanta Pandey
• SEBI is the regulatory body for securities and commodity markets in India under the ownership of the Ministry of Finance (MoF), GoI.

Reserve Bank of India Promotes Continuous Fintech Innovation with On Tap Sandbox

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced a ‘Theme Neutral’ ‘On Tap’ application facility under its Regulatory Sandbox (RS) on April 9, 2025.
• This move allows continuous and theme-independent submission of applications for testing innovative fintech solutions.
• The Regulatory Sandbox was launched in 2019.
• Until now, it operated using theme-based cohorts (four completed).

Key Highlights :

• The RBI now enables applications under an open theme model rather than waiting for specific cohorts.
• The earlier ‘On Tap’ facility (announced in October 2021) allowed applications under closed cohort themes.
• The new model promotes proactive engagement and broader inclusion of fintech innovations.
• Application areas include:
  • Digital Financial Literacy
  • Digital Lending, Alternate Credit Scoring
  • e-KYC, Identity Verification
  • Emerging Tech: AI, ML, Blockchain, Smart Contracts, Tokenisation
  • Financial Inclusion
  • Mule Account Detection & Tracking
  • RegTech, SupTech
  • Open Finance
  • Services for Divyang (voice/language-based fintech)
  • Grievance Redressal
  • Sustainable Finance, Climate Risk Mitigation
• Interested entities can apply via email with supporting documents.
• Applications will be evaluated based on the Enabling Framework for Regulatory Sandbox.
• The RBI aims to boost fintech by enabling experimentation, consumer safety, and regulatory flexibility.
• The model supports a dynamic regulatory environment suited for rapid technological changes in finance.

Recent News:

• In April 2025, the Reserve Bank of India approved a significant update to the UPI framework by allowing the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) to raise transaction limits for person-to-merchant (P2M) payments.

About RBI:

• Established : 1 April 1935
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
• Governor : Sanjay Malhotra

HDFC Bank Executes India’s First Gold Forward Deal from GIFT City

• HDFC Bank has become the first Indian bank to execute a gold forward deal from GIFT City,
• The transaction was carried out by the bank’s International Banking Unit (IBU) in collaboration with Hindustan Platinum, a global refiner and manufacturer of high-purity precious metals.
• Gold Forward Deal: A gold forward deal is an agreement to buy or sell gold at a fixed price on a future date. It enables businesses to hedge against price risks, offering financial protection from market volatility.
• With regulatory support, onshore entities exposed to gold price fluctuations can now hedge their risks via GIFT City, opening new avenues for secure bullion trading.
• HDFC Bank’s IBU acts as a trading and clearing member of the Indian International Bullion Exchange (IIBX). This initiative supports the growth of India’s bullion ecosystem and strengthens GIFT City’s position as a global financial hub.

About HDFC Bank:

• Founded: 1994
• Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
• Managing Director & CEO: Sashidhar Jagdishan
• Tagline: “We understand your world”

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL NEWS

Prime Minister Narendra Modi Dedicates Key Development Projects to Haryana on Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar’s Birth Anniversary

• On the occasion of Bhimrao Ambedkar’s birth anniversary, Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated several significant development projects of 10,000 crores to the people of Haryana.
• The projects aim to enhance the state’s infrastructure and energy capacity.

Key Highlights:

1. Energy Sector Development:

• Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram Thermal Power Plant (Yamunanagar):
• • • Foundation Stone Laid: For the third unit of 800 MW at the thermal power plant.
    • Investment: ₹8,469 crore.
    • Completion Timeline: Targeted completion within 52 months, with commercial operations expected by March 2029.
    • Impact: Haryana’s in-house power generation capacity will rise to 3,382 MW with the addition of this unit.

2. Waste-to-Energy Project:

• GOBAR DHAN Plant (Yamunanagar):
• • • Foundation Stone Laid: For a GOBAR DHAN Plant with an investment of ₹90 crore.
    • Objective: To enhance waste management and promote environmental sustainability.

3. Infrastructure Development:

• Rewari Bypass:
• • • Inauguration: The new Rewari Bypass was inaugurated.
    • Investment: ₹1,069 crore.
    • Purpose: To ease traffic congestion by providing a bypass around Rewari city. Developed under the Bharatmala scheme.

4. Aviation Development:

• Maharaja Agrasen Airport:
• • • Foundation Stone Laid: For a new terminal at Maharaja Agrasen Airport.
    • Inauguration of New Flight: Flagged off the first flight to Ayodhya from this newly developed terminal.

Key Attendees:

• Union Ministers:
• Manohar Lal, Rao Inderjit Singh, Krishan Pal, and others were present at the event.
• Haryana Chief Minister: Nayab Singh Saini was also in attendance.

RECENT NEWS

• In April 2025, Haryana Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini made significant announcements aimed at enhancing the welfare of Agniveers, who are part of the Agnipath Scheme.
• In April 2025, The Haryana government officially declared two Harappan civilization sites located in Bhiwani district — Mitathal and Tighrana — as protected archaeological sites and monuments.

Government of India Frames Draft Rules for Gas Meters to Strengthen Consumer Protection

• The Department of Consumer Affairs, Government of India, has taken a major step towards enhancing consumer protection and ensuring accurate measurement in gas usage by introducing draft rules for Gas Meters under the Legal Metrology (General) Rules, 2011.
• These rules are aimed at improving fair trade practices and transparency in gas measurement across various sectors.

Key Features of the New Draft Rules:

1. Mandatory Testing, Verification, and Stamping:
   • All gas meters, whether used for domestic, commercial, or industrial purposes, must undergo thorough testing, verification, and be stamped before use in trade and commerce.
   • A re-verification process is also mandated to ensure the continued accuracy of gas meters during use.
2. Consumer Benefits:
   • These regulations are designed to prevent overcharging or under-measurement of gas consumption, ensuring that consumers are billed fairly.
   • Guaranteed protection for consumers against faulty or manipulated gas meters will lead to reduced disputes, improved energy efficiency, and lower maintenance costs.
3. Alignment with International Standards:
   • The draft rules are aligned with the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) standards, which enhances India’s commitment to global trade credibility.
   • The rules also encourage innovation and quality assurance within the domestic manufacturing ecosystem.
4. Compliance Framework for Manufacturers and Gas Distributors:
   • These rules provide a clear compliance framework for manufacturers and gas distribution companies, ensuring that equipment meets global best practices.
   • The rules ensure that all stakeholders follow a structured, standardized approach.
5. Consultative Process:
   • The Legal Metrology Division engaged in a thorough consultative process involving experts from the Indian Institute of Legal Metrology (IILM), Regional Reference Standard Laboratories (RRSLs), industry experts, and Voluntary Consumer Organizations (VCOs).
   • Feedback from various stakeholders, including manufacturers, testing laboratories, City Gas Distribution (CGD) companies, and State Legal Metrology Departments, was collected and integrated into the final draft.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: STATE NEWS

Meghalaya Bags Two National Awards for Aadhaar Enrolment Excellence

• Meghalaya received two prestigious awards from the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).
• The awards were for best-performing state in:
  • Mandatory Biometric Updates (MBUs) of children
  • Adult Aadhaar enrolment verification
• Awards were presented during the Aadhaar Samvaad event on April 8, 2025.
• Venue: Bharat Mandapam Convention Centre, New Delhi.
• The awards highlight Meghalaya’s exemplary performance in strengthening Aadhaar services and ensuring accurate enrolments.
• The awards were received by Kupar War, Nodal Officer (Aadhaar), General Administration Department, Government of Meghalaya.

Recent News:

• In April 2025, Bringing pride to Meghalaya, 28-year-old bodybuilder Atlanta D Shira from Garo Hills swept the stage at the National Physique Championship under the International Fitness and Bodybuilding Federation (IFBB) with two gold medals and one silver.

About Meghalaya:

• Capital: Shillong
• Chief Minister: Conrad Kongkal Sangma
• Governor: C. H. Vijayashankar
• National Parks: Nokrek National Park, Balphakram National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary, Siju Wildlife Sanctuary, Baghmara Pitcher Plant Wildlife Sanctuary, Narpuh Wildlife Sanctuary, Balpakram Baghmara Biosphere Reserve

Telangana becomes first state to implement SC categorisation

• Telangana has become the first state in India to implement Scheduled Castes (SC) sub-categorisation following the Supreme Court’s verdict.
• The announcement was made on April 14, 2025, coinciding with Dr B.R. Ambedkar’s birth anniversary.
• The Telangana Legislature passed the Scheduled Castes (Rationalisation of Reservation) Bill, 2025 in March, and it received the Governor’s assent on April 8.
• The implementation was officially published in the Telangana Gazette on April 14.
• As per the Justice Shameem Akther Commission’s recommendations, 59 SC communities in the state have been classified into three groups:
  • Group I includes 15 most disadvantaged communities and will get 1% reservation
  • Group II includes 18 moderately benefited communities with 9% reservation
  • Group III comprises 26 significantly benefited groups, receiving 5% reservation
• The total SC reservation of 15% remains unchanged.
• Chief Minister Revanth Reddy called the move a historic act of social justice and received the first gazette copy of the order.
• Irrigation Minister N Uttam Kumar Reddy, who headed the cabinet sub-committee on SC categorisation, stated that the new classification will be immediately applicable in government jobs and education.
• He also stated that the reservation quota could be revised after the 2026 census if the SC population
• The Telangana government also decided not to apply the creamy layer exclusion, ensuring all SCs are eligible within their respective categories.
• The minister criticised past governments for failing to move beyond resolutions and commended the current administration for executing the long-pending demand.

About Telangana:

• Capital: Hyderabad
• Governor: Jishnu Dev Varma
• Chief Minister: Anumula Revanth Reddy
• National Parks: Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park, Mrugavani National Park, Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary, Pocharam Wildlife Sanctuary, Manjira Wildlife Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath announces State anti-poverty scheme to be named after Ambedkar

• Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister (CM) Yogi Adityanath announced the ‘Zero Poverty’ mission will be named after Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar.
• The mission will launch later this month and aims to lift every underprivileged individual above the poverty line.
• Inspired by PM Narendra Modi’s vision, it ensures access to basic amenities and welfare schemes for the poor.

Key Highlights :

• In Phase 1, around 14–15 lakh families will be identified; each gram panchayat will cover 20–25 deprived families.
• UP will be the first state in India to take such decisive steps toward zero poverty.
• A commemorative souvenir was released on Ambedkar Jayanti by the UP government.
• CM recalled Ambedkar’s higher education in England and his role in uplifting the deprived and marginalised.
• Dr Ambedkar was the first Law Minister of India and Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee.
• CM hailed the Constitution’s role in making India the world’s largest and most vibrant democracy.
• The journey to fulfil Ambedkar’s vision began under Atal Bihari Vajpayee and strengthened under PM Modi.
• Gram Panchayat toilet management committees to receive monthly honorarium for maintenance and dignity of sanitation workers.
• CM highlighted the forgotten role of Jogendra Nath Mandal.
• Criticised Congress and Samajwadi Party for disrespecting Ambedkar during and after his lifetime.
• CM paid tribute to X, calling Ambedkar a “true Bharat Ratna” and a “living school of democracy”.
• Ambedkar fought for an egalitarian society and empowerment of Scheduled Castes.
• Born in 1891, faced caste discrimination, studied abroad, and became a committed social reformer.
• Died in 1956, known as the architect of the Indian Constitution.

About Uttar Pradesh:

• Chief Minister: Yogi Adityanath
• Governor: Anandiben Patel
• Capital: Lucknow
• National Parks: Dudhwa National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Kaimoor Wildlife Sanctuary, Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary (Shahid Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird Sanctuary), Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary, Sur Sarovar Bird Sanctuary, Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary, Mahavir Swami Wildlife Sanctuary, Ranipur Wildlife

Nagaland government launches Solar Mission with state subsidy for rooftop installations

• On 14 April,2025 Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio formally launched the Nagaland Solar Mission at the Nagaland Civil Secretariat, Kohima, in presence of Minister KG Kenye and senior officials.
• The mission aligns with the Prime Minister’s Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana (PMSG:MBY) and aims to install residential Rooftop Solar (RTS) systems across the state.
• The initiative is a strategic move to address power deficits and support India’s green energy revolution.
• The Nagaland Government will provide an additional state subsidy of up to ₹50,000 for solar installations up to 3 kW capacity, over and above the central subsidy.
• This combined subsidy model (central + state) will cover most of the installation cost, making solar energy more accessible for households.
• Households will also benefit by reducing electricity bills through power generation and grid contribution from the installed rooftop systems.
• Citizens of Nagaland were encouraged by the Chief Minister to participate in this shift toward sustainable energy.

About Nagaland:

• Chief Minister: Neiphiu Rio
• Governor: La. Ganesan
• Capital: Kohima
• National Parks: Intanki National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary, Puliebadze Wildlife Sanctuary, Rangapahar Wildlife Sanctuary

Telangana Chief Minister Revanth Reddy launches ‘Bhu Bharati’ portal to replace BRS-era’s Dharani

• ​On April 14, 2025, Telangana Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy launched the Bhu Bharati portal, an integrated online revenue records management system, replacing the previous Dharani portal introduced by the BRS government.
• The Bhu Bharati portal addresses issues associated with the previous Dharani system, which faced criticism over irregularities and lack of accessibility.
• The new portal is part of the government’s commitment to resolving land disputes and ensuring transparency in land administration.

Key Features and Objectives:

• Transparent Land Management: Bhu Bharati aims to provide a transparent and efficient platform for land registrations, mutations, appeals, and conversions of agricultural land to non-agricultural use.
• Dispute Resolution: The portal introduces a structured appeal mechanism, allowing citizens to resolve land-related disputes through the Revenue Department, reducing reliance on courts. ​
• Pilot Implementation: Initially, the system will be piloted in four mandals: Maddur (Narayanpet), Nelakondapalli (Khammam), Lingampeta (Kamareddy), and Venkatapur (Mulugu), with plans for statewide expansion by Telangana Formation Day on June 2. ​
• Bhudhaar System: A unique identifier for land parcels, similar to Aadhaar for individuals, will be introduced to create a more accurate and dispute-free land registry. ​
• User-Friendly Design: The Chief Minister emphasized the development of a user-friendly, secure, and long-lasting portal to ensure accessibility for all citizens.

Guwahati State Cancer Institute Launches Northeast’s First Onco-Robotic Surgery Facility

• The Assam State Cancer Institute at Guwahati launched Northeast’s first onco-robotic surgery facility on 14 April, 2025.
• This state-of-the-art healthcare facility enables minimally invasive procedures with enhanced precision, control and 3D visualization.
• The robotic surgeries would significantly reduce operation time, lower the risk of bleeding and allow for more accuracy and ease in complex procedures.
• This will be a major milestone in the Northeast in cancer care by enabling advanced surgical precision and improved patient outcomes.
• Similar robotic surgery facilities will soon be launched in Dibrugarh and Silchar too.
• This will benefit patients from Upper Assam and the Barak Valley.

Recent News:

• Rongali Bihu, also known as Bohag Bihu, is being celebrated across Assam in mid-April 2025, marking the Assamese New Year and the beginning of the agricultural season.

About Assam:

• Chief Minister: Himanta Biswa Sarma
• Governor: Lakshman Prasad Acharya
• Capital: Dispur
• National Parks: Kaziranga National Park, Manas National Park, Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, Orang National Park, Bura-Chapori Wildlife Sanctuary, Nameri Wildlife Sanctuary

Bihar State Cooperative Bank Begins Rs 190 Cr Digital Overhaul with PruTech

• Bihar State Cooperative Bank (BSCB) has partnered with PruTech Solutions, a New Jersey-headquartered IT firm, for a ₹190 crore digital transformation initiative aimed at upgrading core systems, introducing generative AI, and enhancing financial inclusion.
• A modernised Core Banking System (CBS) will be implemented across 13 BSCB branches and 23 District Central Cooperative Banks (DCCBs), enabling real-time transactions, centralised operations, and improved financial reporting.
• The project will utilise a cloud-based infrastructure following the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model, allowing scalability, better operational resilience, and separation from traditional in-house servers.

Key Highlights :

• A Loan Origination System will be introduced to digitise the entire loan process from application to disbursal, and a micro-ATM client application will extend banking access to rural and underserved areas, allowing basic banking transactions and cash withdrawals outside traditional branches.
• Generative AI tools such as virtual assistants and a centralised helpdesk system will be integrated to automate processes and improve customer service and grievance redressal.
• PruTech’s Integrated Command and Control Center platform, “Converge,” will provide centralized monitoring of banking operations and IT infrastructure for improved oversight and timely decision-making.
• An anti-money laundering (AML) system will be deployed for real-time transaction monitoring and to detect potential fraudulent activities, ensuring compliance with both national and international banking regulations.
• The initiative reflects the broader shift among cooperative banks toward digital modernisation in response to evolving customer expectations and regulatory demands, with BSCB aiming to enhance operational transparency, efficiency, and financial outreach across Bihar.

About Bihar:

• Capital: Patna
• Chief Minister: Nitish Kumar
• Governor: Arif Mohammed Khan
• National Parks: Valmiki National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Valmiki Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary, Kanwar Lake Bird Sanctuary, Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary, Gautam Buddha Wildlife Sanctuary, Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary

CURRENT AFFAIRS: APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Ecuador’s President Daniel Noboa wins reelection

• Daniel Noboa, President of Ecuador, declared winner of the April 13, 2025
• Victory was confirmed within 3 hours of polls closing, with over 90% votes counted.
• Noboa, in power since November 2023 via snap election.
• Luisa González (47), opposition candidate, alleges fraud, but no evidence provided.
• González is a protégé of exiled leftist leader Rafael Correa.
• Election conducted amid unprecedented narco-violence; Ecuador has one of Latin America’s highest homicide rates.
• One homicide per hour recorded in early 2025.
• Drug cartels have made cities battlegrounds for trafficking routes to the U.S. and Europe.
• Noboa (37) is the son of a wealthy businessman, known for hardline anti-narco stance.
• Declared a state of emergency, military deployment, and signed a security pact with Erik Prince (founder of Blackwater).
• Proposes constitutional change to allow foreign military bases.

Koneru Humpy Joins as Brand Ambassador of Skill Online Games (SOG) federation Grandmaster Series

• Koneru Humpy, the youngest-ever Indian woman grandmaster, has been appointed as the brand ambassador for the SOG Grandmaster Series.
• Koneru Humpy made history as the youngest woman to achieve the title of grandmaster at the age of 15.
• She is one of India’s most accomplished chess players, having earned numerous accolades in the international chess arena.
• The series will feature top-tier chess tournaments and events aimed at promoting excellence in the sport.
• Koneru Humpy’s role as ambassador will help raise awareness and inspire young talent in the chess community.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: BUSINESS NEWS

Milkfed Punjab Unveils New Mascot ‘Veera’ for Verka Dairy Brand

• In a strategic branding initiative, Milkfed Punjab, one of India’s largest state dairy cooperatives, has introduced a new mascot named ‘Veera’ for its flagship dairy brand Verka.
• This move aims to enhance Verka’s visibility and sales, with the goal of establishing it as a household name, similar to the iconic Amul Girl.
• Veera, a cheerful Sikh boy with folded hands, represents Punjab’s warmth, tradition, and hospitality, helping to build a stronger emotional connection with consumers.

Key Highlights

• Mascot Name:Veera (meaning ‘brother’ in Punjabi).
• Mascot Depiction:A cheerful Sikh boy with folded hands.
• Objective:To serve as a brand ambassador for Verka, promoting the brand in a way similar to the Amul Girl.

Organization Behind It

• Milkfed (Punjab State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Federation)
• Currently ranked as the 7th largest state milk cooperative in India.

Verka Brand Overview

• Verka: A popular dairy brand under Milkfed, known for:Milk, lassi, butter, paneer, curd, and flavored milk products.
• Regional Dominance: Strong presence in Punjab’s market.

Event Context: Foundation Stone Laying

• Location: Amritsar district, Punjab.
• Project Investment: ₹135 crore dairy expansion project.

Purpose of the Project:

• Expand production capacity for sterilized flavored milk.
• Introduce new fermented dairy products like lassi, curd, and flavored milk.

E-commerce Integration

• Chief Minister Bhagwant Singh Mann announced that Verka products will soon be available on online platforms, allowing global access and increasing market reach.

Significance of the ‘Veera’ Mascot

• Branding Strategy:
  • Emotional resonance with families and children, reinforcing Verka’s Punjabi identity.
  • Makes the brand relatable nationally while staying rooted in its regional identity.
• Comparative Inspiration:
  • Following in the footsteps of the Amul Girl, Veera aims to become the friendly face of Verka in advertisements and product packaging.

RECENT NEWS

• In March 2025, The Punjab Government, under CM Bhagwant Singh Mann, introduced significant projects to enhance tourism and wildlife conservation in the state. The ‘Badalda Punjab’ Budget 2025-26, presented by Finance Minister Harpal Singh Cheema, includes a ₹10 crore investment to develop Nangal.

Crisil Projects India’s GDP Growth at 6.5% for Fiscal 2026, Citing Risks and Positives

• Global credit rating agency Crisil has projected that India’s GDP will grow by 6.5% in fiscal 2026, though it has raised concerns over the potential downside risks, particularly US tariff hikes.

Key Highlights:

1. GDP Growth Forecast:
   • India’s GDP: Projected growth of 6.5% for fiscal 2026.
   • Downside Risk: US tariff hikes could significantly impact this growth forecast.
2. Positive Factors:
   • Monetary Easing by RBI: Crisil expects interest rate cuts and income tax relief to support consumption in FY26.
   • Easing Inflation: Lower inflation expected to boost consumer demand.
   • Normal Monsoon: Could support agricultural incomes and contribute positively to growth.
   • Decline in Global Crude Oil Prices: A global slowdown could lead to lower oil prices, further supporting domestic economic activity.
3. Challenges:
   • US Tariff Hikes: Continued increases in US tariffs are expected to slow investments and dampen investor sentiment, as the duration and frequency of these hikes remain uncertain.

Economic Indicators and Outlook for FY25:

1. Signs of Improvement in FY25:
   • Crisil observes improvement in the second half of FY25, particularly in the capital, infrastructure, and construction goods sectors.
   • This reflects a gradual recovery in capital expenditure and construction activities.
2. High-Frequency Indicators:
   • RBI Quarterly Industrial Outlook Survey: Indicates strengthening demand in Q4 FY25.
   • Consumer Confidence Survey: Shows improved sentiment across rural and urban areas in March FY25.
3. Consumption Demand:
   • Stronger consumption demand is supported by:
     • Healthy rabi output.
     • Easing inflation in the fourth quarter of FY25.

4. Industrial Growth:
   • Index of Industrial Production (IIP) growth moderated to 2.9% in February FY25, down from 5.2% in January, mainly due to slower growth in mining and manufacturing sectors.
   • However, the electricity sector showed improvement.
5. IIP Performance:
   • Q4 FY25: IIP growth averaged 4.0%, consistent with Q3 FY25.
   • Manufacturing Sub-sectors: Petroleum products, machinery, and textiles performed better in the second half of FY25.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS AND HONOURS

P. Sivakami Honoured with Verchol Dalit Literary Award – April 2025

• Acclaimed writer, retired IAS officer, and social activist P. Sivakami was conferred the prestigious Verchol Dalit Literary Award by the Neelam Cultural Centre, an organization founded by filmmaker Pa. Ranjith.

Key Highlights of the Award Event

• Award Recipient: Sivakami – Renowned writer, retired IAS officer, and political figure.
• Award: Verchol Dalit Literary Award
• Prize: ₹1 lakh cash prize
• Organizer: Neelam Cultural Centre, founded by Ranjith
• Venue: Chennai, Tamil Nadu

Dr. D. Nageshwar Reddy Conferred ‘Legends of Endoscopy’ Award

• Dr. D. Nageshwar Reddy, Chairman of AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, was honored with the prestigious ‘Legends of Endoscopy’ award by the Japanese gastroenterology community for his pioneering work in Gastrointestinal (GI) Endoscopy.
• The award was presented at the Tokyo Live Global Endoscopy 2025 event, held at SHOWA Medical University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo.

Key Highlights

• Award Received:
  • ‘Legends of Endoscopy’ award
  • Presented to D. Nageshwar Reddy, Chairman, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad
• Event Details:
  • Awarding Body: Japanese gastroenterology community
  • Event Name: Tokyo Live Global Endoscopy 2025
  • Venue: SHOWA Medical University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
• Contribution Recognized:
  • Recognized for pioneering advancements in Gastrointestinal (GI) Endoscopy
  • Conducted live demonstrations of advanced endoscopic procedures, showcasing global leadership

Chinese Architect Liu Jiakun Wins the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize

• Liu Jiakun, renowned Chinese architect and educator, has been awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize, the most prestigious accolade in global architecture.
• The award ceremony will take place at the Louvre Abu Dhabi, designed by Jean Nouvel.
• A global video release and the 2025 Laureates’ Lecture and Symposium will follow in May.

Celebrating Tradition and Social Impact

• Founder of Jiakun Architects (est. 1999), Liu is recognized for:
• Blending traditional Chinese architecture with modern design
• Advocating for social equity in the built environment
• He is the second Chinese architect to receive the award, after Wang Shu (2012).

Global Recognition and Ceremony

• Past laureates include:
• Riken Yamamoto (2024)
• David Chipperfield (2023)
• Francis Kéré (2022)

Dr. Uma Sharma Honored with National Award at BRICS CCI WE Women’s Summit 2025

• Dr. Uma Sharma, Chairperson of Kailash Group of Hospitals, was conferred a National Award at the 5th BRICS CCI WE Women’s Summit held in March 2025 at Hyatt Regency, New Delhi.
• Lifetime Dedication to Women’s Health:
• Director on the Board of Kailash Group Companies
• Renowned obstetrician and gynecologist with nearly four decades of experience
• Recognized for:
• Expanding accessible healthcare services
• Promoting women’s self-reliance
• Advancing women’s health and well-being
• The BRICS CCI WE Women’s Summit brings together women leaders and entrepreneurs from BRICS nations to exchange ideas on:
• Healthcare excellence
• Leadership
• Social impact through entrepreneurship
• Sharma’s award highlights her pioneering role in both healthcare innovation and women’s empowerment in India.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: RANKING AND INDEX

Indira Gandhi International Airport Ranked 9th Busiest in the World for 2024

• Delhi’s Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport has been ranked as the 9th busiest airport in the world for 2024, as per the Airports Council International (ACI) World
• Handling 77 million passengers, IGI’s consistent growth and expanded international connectivity have elevated its global standing, showcasing India’s rising aviation profile.

Key Highlights

• Rank Achieved:
  • 9th busiest airport globally (2024) according to ACI World preliminary rankings.
• Passenger Traffic:
  • 77 million passengers handled in 2024.
• Year-wise Progression:
  • 2019: 17th
  • 2021: 13th
  • 2023: 10th
  • 2024: 9th
• Recognition Authority:
  • Airports Council International (ACI) World based on actual passenger traffic data.
• Airport Operator:
  • Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), led by the GMR Group.

Global Context

• Atlanta Airport (USA): Ranked 1st with 108 million+ passengers.
• Dubai (UAE): Ranked 2nd.

Global Passenger Trends (2024)

• Total global traffic: 9.5 billion passengers
• 9% increase over 2023 and 3.8% growth compared to pre-pandemic (2019) levels.
• Top 10 airports collectively handled 855 million passengers, representing 9% of global traffic.

Delhi Airport Highlights

• Only Indian airport in the global top 10 list.
• Connects to 150 destinations worldwide.
• Awarded ACI ASQ Award for “Best Airport in Asia-Pacific” for the 7th consecutive year (2024).

Indian IT Giants Lead 2025 Brand Finance IT Services Rankings

• Indian IT firms have demonstrated exceptional growth and brand value in the 2025 Brand Finance IT Services Rankings, highlighting India’s crucial role in the global tech landscape.
• Key highlights

1. Accenture’s Global Dominance Continues

• Rank: #1 (7th consecutive year)
• Brand Value: $41.5 billion (2% increase)
• Achievements:
• Overtook IBM Consulting as the strongest IT services brand
• Brand Strength Index Score:6/100 (AAA+ rating)
• Strong focus on AI, global presence, and service diversification

2. TCS: Consistent and Strategic Growth

• Rank: #2 globally (4th year in a row)
• Brand Value: $21.3 billion (11% increase)
• Highlights:
• Only the second brand to cross the $20 billion mark
• Noted for investments in AI and strong brand building

3. Infosys: Sustained Momentum

• Brand Value: $16.3 billion (15% growth)
• Rank: Among top 3 globally (4th consecutive year)
• Achievements:
• Fastest CAGR (18%) in brand value over the past five years
• Strong innovation in AI and digital services

4. HCLTech: Fastest-Growing IT Brand in 2025:

• Brand Value: $8.9 billion (17% increase)
• Drivers of Growth:
• Robust financial performance
• Large-scale deals across industries
• Early adoption of AI/GenAI business strategies

5. Other Indian Brands in Top Rankings

• Wipro: Brand Value: $6 billion
• Tech Mahindra: Secured position in the top 10 global IT services brands
• The 2025 rankings underscore the global leadership of Indian IT firms, driven by innovation, AI capabilities, strategic investments, and consistent brand performance.
• India continues to rise as a tech powerhouse on the global stage.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: ENVIRONMENT

Two New Species of Jumping Spiders Discovered in the Western Ghats

• A collaborative research effort has led to the discovery of two new species of jumping spiders from the genus Epidelaxia in the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, Kollam, Kerala.
• This marks the first time the genus has been recorded in India, previously considered endemic to Sri Lanka.
• The research team consists of Asima A., Prasad (University of Kerala), John T.D. Caleb (Saveetha Medical College & Hospitals, Chennai), and Mathew M.J. (Bharata Mata College, Kochi).
• The findings were published in Zootaxa (February 2025), shedding light on the Western Ghats’ rich biodiversity.

New Species Identified

• Epidelaxia falciformis sp. nov.
• Epidelaxia palustris sp. nov.
  These species were discovered during field expeditions in Kulathupuzha, Kollam (December 2022 and April 2023).

Distinctive Features of the New Species

• Epidelaxia falciformis: Males have a brown carapace with a yellow-brown stripe.
• Epidelaxia palustris: Males feature a pale brown band along their body.
• Both species show a yellow triangular mark on the prosoma (front body) of females and white orbital setae around their eyes.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

India Secures 2nd Position in ISSF World Cup 2025 (First Leg)

• India delivered a strong performance at the first ISSF World Cup 2025 (Rifle, Pistol, and Shotgun events), finishing second overall behind China.
• The event, held ahead of the Paris Olympics, showcased India’s shooting strength and depth.

Overall, Medal Tally – India

• Gold: 4
• Silver: 2
• Bronze: 2
• Total: 8 Medals

Final Standings

• 1st – China: 5 Gold, 3 Silver, 3 Bronze
• 2nd – India: 4 Gold, 2 Silver, 2 Bronze
• 3rd – Chinese Taipei: Gold in Mixed Team Trap

Medal-Winning Performances by India

Gold Medals

• Sift Kaur Samra – Women’s 50m Rifle 3 Positions
• Rudrankksh Patil – Men’s 10m Air Rifle
• Suruchi – Women’s 10m Air Pistol
• Vijayveer Sidhu – Men’s 25m Rapid-Fire Pistol

Silver Medals

• Esha Singh – Women’s 25m Pistol

Bronze Medals

• Suruchi & Saurabh Chaudhary – Mixed Team Air Pistol

Next for India’s Shooting Team

• Event: Second leg of ISSF World Cup 2025
• Location: Lima, Peru
• Start Date: April 15, 2025
• Importance: Key qualifying event for the Paris Olympics

About ISSF

• Presidents: Luciano Rossi, Vladimir Lisin
• Headquarters: Munich, Germany
• Founded: 17 July 1907
• Membership: 150 regions

Carlos Alcaraz Wins Rolex Monte Carlo Masters 2025

• Spanish tennis star Carlos Alcaraz emerged victorious at the Rolex Monte Carlo Masters 2025, claiming his sixth ATP Masters 1000 title with a strong comeback against Lorenzo Musetti of Italy.
• After dropping the first set, Alcaraz dominated the remaining two, benefiting from Musetti’s leg injury in the decider.

Match & Tournament Highlights

• Match Result: Carlos Alcaraz defeated Lorenzo Musetti
• Score: 3-6, 6-1, 6-0
• Duration: 1 hour 54 minutes
• Tournament: Rolex Monte Carlo Masters 2025

Comeback Victory

• First Set: Alcaraz lost 3-6
• Second & Third Sets: Alcaraz dominated, winning 6-1, 6-0

Career Milestones for Carlos Alcaraz

• 18th Career Title
• 6th ATP Masters 1000 Title
• 3rd Masters Title on Clay: Previous wins in Madrid (2022, 2023)
• World Ranking: Rises to World No. 2
• Reigning French Open Champion.

About Italy

• Capital: Rome
• President: Sergio Mattarella
• Prime minister: Giorgia Meloni

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

Himachal Pradesh Celebrates 78th Foundation Day on April 15

• Himachal Pradesh is celebrating its 78th Foundation Day.
• April 15 marks the day in 1948 when the state was officially formed by merging 30 princely states into the Indian Union, including Chamba, Mandi, Sirmaur, and Mahlog.
• This event is celebrated annually as Himachal Day, commemorating the political and administrative unification of the region.

Key Highlights:

• Venue: The state-level celebrations are being held at Killar, located in the remote Pangi Valley of Chamba district, a first in the history of Himachal Day celebrations.
• Chief Guest: The Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu will preside over the event.
• Vibrant Cultural Programs: The occasion will feature traditional performances, showcasing Himachal’s rich cultural heritage.

Historical Significance:

• Formation of Himachal Pradesh: On April 15, 1948, Himachal Pradesh was formed as a province through the merger of 30 princely states.
• Statehood: Initially governed as a centrally administered territory, Himachal Pradesh became a Union Territory in 1950 and later achieved full statehood on January 25, 1971.
• Himachal Day vs. Statehood Day: While January 25 is celebrated as Statehood Day, April 15 (Himachal Day) marks the beginning of the region’s unification under one administrative unit.

Top 5 Tourist Attractions in Himachal Pradesh:

1. Manali: A popular hill station known for its adventure sports and beautiful landscapes.
2. Shimla: The capital city, famous for its colonial architecture and cool climate.
3. Dharamshala: A cultural hub with Tibetan influences and the residence of the Dalai Lama.
4. Kullu: Known for its serene landscapes and trekking routes.
5. Spiti Valley: An offbeat destination with a unique landscape, ancient monasteries, and scenic beauty.

Natural and Cultural Richness of Himachal Pradesh

State Symbols:

• State Animal: Snow Leopard, symbolizing the Himalayan ecosystem.
• State Bird: Western Tragopan, an endangered species endemic to the region.
• State Flower: Pink Rhododendron, representing the state’s natural beauty.
• State Language: Hindi and local dialects, reflecting linguistic diversity.

Rivers and Dams:

• Sutlej River: Home to the Bhakra Dam, Gobind Sagar Reservoir, and Koldam Dam.
• Beas River: Features the Pandoh Dam and Maharana Pratap Sagar Reservoir.
• Ravi River: Site of the Chamera Dam.
• Parbati River: Significant for its hydropower projects.

Lakes:

Himachal Pradesh boasts numerous scenic lakes, including:

• Renuka, Rewalsar, Khajjiar, Dal, Beas Kund, Prashar, Chandratal, and Surajtal.

National Parks:

• Great Himalayan National Park (UNESCO World Heritage Site).
• Pin Valley, Khirganga, Inderkila, and Simbalbara National Parks.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: OBITUARY

Mario Vargas Llosa, Nobel Prize-Winning Peruvian Author and Politician, passed away

• Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa was born on 28 March 1936 in Arequipa, Peru, and died on 14 April 2025 in Lima at age 89.
• He was a Peruvian novelist, essayist, and political thinker.
• Awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature (2010) for insights on power structures and human resistance.
• Notable works: The Time of the Hero (1963), Conversation in the Cathedral (1969), The Feast of the Goat, The Dream of the Celt, Harsh Times (2019).
• Ran for President of Peru in 1990, lost to Alberto Fujimori.
• Initially supported Fidel Castro, later became a critic of authoritarianism and supporter of liberal democracy and free markets.
• Prominent figure of the Latin American Boom with Gabriel García Márquez and Carlos Fuentes.
• Had a public dispute with García Márquez in 1976.
• Themes: military brutality, political corruption, social inequality.
• Inspired by time at Leoncio Prado Military Academy; also lived in Spain, France, and New York.

Daily CA One- Liner: April 16

• On the occasion of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar’s birth anniversary, Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated several significant development projects of 10,000 crores to the people of Haryana.
• The Department of Consumer Affairs, Government of India, has taken a major step towards enhancing consumer protection and ensuring accurate measurement in gas usage by introducing draft rules for Gas Meters under the Legal Metrology (General) Rules, 2011.
• In a strategic branding initiative, Milkfed Punjab, one of India’s largest state dairy cooperatives, has introduced a new mascot named ‘Veera’ for its flagship dairy brand
• Global credit rating agency Crisil has projected that India’s GDP will grow by 6.5% in fiscal 2026, though it has raised concerns over the potential downside risks, particularly US tariff hikes.
• Acclaimed writer, retired IAS officer, and social activist Sivakami was conferred the prestigious Verchol Dalit Literary Award by the Neelam Cultural Centre, an organization founded by filmmaker Pa. Ranjith.
• Dr. D. Nageshwar Reddy, Chairman of AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, was honored with the prestigious ‘Legends of Endoscopy’ award by the Japanese gastroenterology community for his pioneering work in Gastrointestinal (GI) Endoscopy
• Delhi’s Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport has been ranked as the 9th busiest airport in the world for 2024, as per the Airports Council International (ACI) World
• India delivered a strong performance at the first ISSF World Cup 2025 (Rifle, Pistol, and Shotgun events), finishing second overall behind China.
• Spanish tennis star Carlos Alcaraz emerged victorious at the Rolex Monte Carlo Masters 2025, claiming his sixth ATP Masters 1000 title with a strong comeback against Lorenzo Musetti of Italy.
• Himachal Pradesh is celebrating its 78th Foundation Day.
• A collaborative research effort has led to the discovery of two new species of jumping spiders from the genus Epidelaxia in the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, Kollam, Kerala.
• Dr. Uma Sharma, Chairperson of Kailash Group of Hospitals, was conferred a National Award at the 5th BRICS CCI WE Women’s Summit held in March 2025 at Hyatt Regency, New Delhi.
• Liu Jiakun, renowned Chinese architect and educator, has been awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize, the most prestigious accolade in global architecture.
• Indian IT firms have demonstrated exceptional growth and brand value in the 2025 Brand Finance IT Services Rankings, highlighting India’s crucial role in the global tech landscape.
• Capitalmind Financial Services, founded by Deepak Shenoy, gets SEBI’s final approval to launch Capitalmind Mutual Fund.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced a ‘Theme Neutral’ ‘On Tap’ application facility under its Regulatory Sandbox (RS) on April 9, 2025.
• HDFC Bank has become the first Indian bank to execute a gold forward deal from GIFT City,
• Meghalaya received two prestigious awards from the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).
• Telangana has become the first state in India to implement Scheduled Castes (SC) sub-categorisation following the Supreme Court’s verdict.
• Uttar Pradesh CM Yogi Adityanath announced the ‘Zero Poverty’ mission will be named after Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar.
• On 14 April, Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio formally launched the Nagaland Solar Mission at the Nagaland Civil Secretariat, Kohima, in presence of Minister KG Kenye and senior officials.
• On April 14, 2025, Telangana Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy launched the Bhu Bharati portal, an integrated online revenue records management system, replacing the previous Dharani portal introduced by the BRS government.
• The Assam State Cancer Institute at Guwahati launched Northeast’s first onco-robotic surgery facility on 14 April, 2025.
• Bihar State Cooperative Bank (BSCB) has partnered with PruTech Solutions, a New Jersey-headquartered IT firm, for a ₹190 crore digital transformation initiative aimed at upgrading core systems, introducing generative AI, and enhancing financial inclusion.
• Daniel Noboa, President of Ecuador, declared winner of the April 13, 2025
• Koneru Humpy, the youngest-ever Indian woman grandmaster, has been appointed as the brand ambassador for the SOG Grandmaster Series.
• Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa was born on 28 March 1936 in Arequipa, Peru, and died on 14 April 2025 in Lima at age 89.