“20-20” English Question | Crack SBI Clerk / IDBI Executive 2018 Day-56

Dear Friends, SBI Clerk 2018 Notification has been released we hope you all have started your preparation. Here we have started New Series of Practice Materials specially for SBI Clerk / IDBI Executive 2018. Aspirants those who are preparing for the exams can use this “20-20” English Questions. 

[WpProQuiz 1711]

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Direction (1-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.

At present India has the second highest number of Internet users in the world, and is an important market for many global companies that have staked dominance within distinct silos of digital services. While Facebook enjoys sway over social networking, Google has completely taken over online search and email, and Amazon continues a growing capture of online commerce. This is further supplemented by a maturing, home-grown technology sector which learns not only its business models and operational strategies but even its corporate culture from such companies. Though there is friction between these global and local firms, they are united in a singular attempt to collect, store and analyse the online behaviour of millions of Indians. India has the unique distinction of being one of the few countries that gathers vast amounts of personal data through its compulsory national biometric ID scheme, Aadhaar. Its wide pervasive use goes well beyond public entitlements or regulated services to sundry services such as online matrimonial portals. It almost seems data is not the new oil it is air itself.

Though digital technology is finely threaded with the fabric of our lives, India maintains a curious omission of a comprehensive, enforceable data protection law. The limited protections which do exist are under the Information Technology Act, 2000, and its subordinate regulations remain substantially deficient and practically unenforceable. This stands in stark contrast to the European Union which has taken time to develop an advanced data protection framework, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that goes into effect in a few months. There is good reason to look toward Europe. Graham Greenleaf, professor of law and information systems at the University of New South Wales, Australia, notes the pre-existing presence of elements of European law within their national laws, with most needing to update them and enact a comprehensive statute. Even as a text, the GDPR is a progressive instrument. The very preamble of the GDPR, reflects an attempt to protect the rights of individuals through a data protection law, treating the requirements of industry and state as limited exceptions. It is this exercise of balance which Nehru adverts to in his letter to Huxley, stating that cottage industry is not to the exclusion of the power loom.

Such search for balance comes from a recognition of the principled protection of the right to privacy within the text of a data protection law and then proceeds to exceptions which are determined under the legal doctrines of necessity and proportionality. Necessity is a threshold evaluation requiring objective evidence that is matched against a proportionality exam in which the advantages due to limiting the privacy right are weighed against the disadvantages. Such principles find legal articulation within the GDPR which makes them practically enforceable. These include a transparent system of data processing which makes users practically aware of what is happening with their personal information at all times. A user’s knowledge is raised to the level of control, where necessity and proportionality are placed both as exceptions and as positive obligations on companies and governments. For instance, they are allowed to use data only for the original purpose under which they were gathered and only to the extent and amount as necessary for performing the function as specified by a user. The sister doctrines of necessity and proportionality are not strangers to our own constitutional law. Even prior to their express recognition and linking to data protection by the Supreme Court last August, when it reaffirmed the fundamental right to privacy, they have found passing references through the decades.

 1). According to the passage what is meant by sway over in the sentence- While Facebook enjoys sway over social networking.

1. To surrender
2. To have a controlling influence over something or someone
3. Relinquish over something or someone
4. To comply for something
5. None of these

2). What are the directives that are implemented under General Data Protection Regulation framework?

1. It protects the rights of individuals through a data protection law
2. It provides exercise of balance
3. It provides include a transparent system of data processing.

1. i and iii
2. only i
3. ii and iii
4. all except i
5. none of these

3). Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?

1. Nehru stated that cottage industry is to the exclusion of the power loom.
2. Necessity is the evaluation which requires objective evidence that is matched against proportionality exam
3. Google has completely taken over online search and email.

1. ii and iii
2. only i
3. i and ii
4. all except iii
5. none of these

4). What do you mean by stand in stark in the statement – This stands in stark contrast to the European Union which has taken time to develop an advanced data protection framework.

1. Stands in extreme
2. Stands in benign
3. Stands in gentle
4. Stands in tender
5. None of these

5). According to the passage what are the objectives that are mentioned under transparent system of data processing?

1. It make users practically aware of what is happening with their personal information.
2. It attempt to collect, store and analyse the online behaviour of millions of Indians
3. Companies and governments are allowed to use data only for the original purpose under which they were gathered to the extent and amount as necessary for performing the function as specified by a user.

1. Only iii
2. i and ii
3. all except ii
4. only i
5. all are correct

6). Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?

1. The limited protections which do exist are under the Information Technology Act, 2000.
2. Data is not the new oil it is air itself.
3. Amazon continues a growing capture of online commerce.
4. Necessity and proportionality are strangers to our own constitutional law.

1. ii and iii
2. i and iv
3. i and iii
4. all except iv
5. none of these

7). According to the passage Graham Greenleaf professor of law and information systems belong to which University of Australia

1. University of New castle
2. University of Queensland
3. University of New South Wales
4. University of Melbourne
5. None of these

 8). Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as the word “pervasive” printed in bold as used in the passage.

1. Restricted
2. Hidebound
3. Constrained
4. Prevalent
5. Slender

 9). Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as the word “sundry” printed in bold as used in the passage.

1. Homogenous
2. Distinct
3. Tantamount
4. Celibate
5. Diverse

 10). Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the word “articulation” printed in bold as used in the passage.

1. Expression
2. Enunciation
3. Utterance
4. Mispronunciation
5. Delivery

Direction (11-15): Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Below the sentence are five sets of words. Choose the set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

11). It is blockchain technology that makes virtual currencies _________to official scrutiny, enabling individuals and groups to maintain financial _________, to avoid taxes, and to trade in illicit commodities; however, the biggest threat to blockchain could come not from regulators looking to gain back control.

1. Hard, ambiguity
2. Rubbery, uncertain
3. Resilient, anonymity
4. Volatility, dimness
5. Rebound, indistinctness

12).  Additionally, H1-B workers who are __________petitioned for or employed at an institution of higher education or its ____________affiliated or related nonprofit entities or a nonprofit research organization or a government research organization are not subject to this numerical cap.

1. Address, united
2. Request, joined
3. Solicitated, separated
4. Petitioned, affiliated
5. Imprecation, associated

13) Mass shooting horrors have repeatedly failed to move American lawmakers, there was a __________of this in the presence, at the March for Our Lives on March 24th, of various __________from past mass shootings. 

1. Gesture, deputization
2. Token, committal
3. Expression, empowering
4. Prompt, assigning
5. Reminder, delegations

14) The vast crowd which included toddlers__________ perched upon shoulders, students, teachers and parents thronged down Pennsylvania Avenue, block after block; many carried signs ________denigrating the National Rifle Association (NRA) and chanted a modern version of an old protest slogan.

1. Settle, defame
2. Perched, denigrating
3. Sit on, knocked
4. Alighted, commending
5. Moved, insulting

15) In India too, several issues ________cropped up, these included longer start-up times as well as premature wear and tear of two components of the engine, forcing Indigo and GoAir to fly these planes at lower altitudes to ensure the engines did not get __________strained.

1. Shorten, difficult
2. Curtailing, artificial
3. Cropped, strained
4. Raised, exhausted
5. Reduced, relaxed

Direction (16-20): – In each of the following questions on phrase has been given and it has been followed by four sentences. You have to find out on which sentences phrase has been used properly according to its meaning and mark your answer from the options denoted a),b),c),d)Mark e) as your answer of you find that the phrase has been applied properly in all sentences

16) Act up

1. You should have seen the boys acting up when they put on their aprons.
2. Please act up this subpoena for records at once.
3. My car always acts up in cold weather.
4. You will now act up file clerk and benefits coordinator, and your salary will reflect this change.

1. ii and iv
2. i and iii
3. ii and iii
4. i and iv
5. all are correct

17) Back down

1. I refuse to back down this law must be passed, in the interest of public safety.
2. The United Kingdom had no intention of backing down in its bitter row over farm subsidies.
3. I am backing Jane down treasurer.
4. But Ronnie backed down after furious critics said transparency was vital to public trust.

1. i and iv
2. ii and iii
3. all except iii
4. i and ii
5. all are correct

18) Come about

1. She was late again, but I’m not sure how it came about this time.
2. The international scheme came about after taking feedback from players.
3. Don’t expect him to come about on the debt he owes you I’m still waiting for him to pay me back!
4. You had better come about with what you owe me.

1. ii and iii
2. i and iv
3. iii and iv
4. i and ii
5. All are correct

19) Figure on

1. Jennifer worked as hard as he could to build his business, but he hadn’t figured on a few obstacles.
2. She hadn’t figured on him reacting this way.
3. Anything to draw her attention away from the tantalizing figure on the driving range.
4. I thought we could figure on your help with this event, but I guess not.

1. i and iv
2. ii and iii
3. only i
4. iii and iv
5. all are correct

20) Give away

1. If captured, they might give away vital military secrets.
2. You haven’t given away the books you borrowed from me.
3. The gardenia gives away a very strong fragrance.
4. He was giving his collection away for nothing.

1. ii and iv
2. i and ii
3. ii and iii
4. i and iv
5. all are correct

Answers:

Direction (1-10):

1). Correct answer – b)

The meaning of sway over is to have a controlling influence over.

2). Correct answer – a)

It is mentioned in the para 2&3- The very preamble of the GDPR, reflects an attempt to protect the rights of individuals through a data protection law, These include a transparent system of data processing which makes users practically aware of what is happening with their personal information at all times

3). Correct answer – b)

It is mentioned in para 1&2- Necessity is a threshold evaluation requiring objective evidence that is matched against a proportionality exam, Google has completely taken over online search and email.

4). Correct answer – a)

It means stand in extreme in contrast to something.

5). Correct answer – c)

It is mentioned in para 3 – These include a transparent system of data processing which makes users practically aware of what is happening with their personal information at all times, For instance, they (companies and government) are allowed to use data only for the original purpose under which they were gathered and only to the extent and amount as necessary for performing the function as specified by a user.

6). Correct answer – d)

It is mentioned in para 1&2- the limited protections which do exist are under the Information Technology Act, 2000, and its subordinate regulations remain substantially deficient and practically unenforceable, Amazon continues a growing capture of online commerce, It almost seems data is not the new oil it is air itself.

7). Correct answer – c)

It is mentioned in para 2, Graham Greenleaf, professor of law and information systems at the University of New South Wales, Australia, notes the pre-existing presence of elements of European law within their national laws.

8). Correct answer – d)

The meaning of pervasive is spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people or prevalent.

9). Correct answer – e)

The meaning of sundry is of various kinds; several.

10). Correct answer – d)

The meaning of articulation is the formation of clear and distinct sounds in speech.

Direction (11-15):

11). Correct answer- c)

The meaning of “resilient” is “able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions” and it is suitable for i blanks and the meaning of “anonymity” is “the condition of being anonymous or uncertainty” so it is appropriate for ii blank.

12).  Correct answer- d)

The meaning of “petitioned” is “presenting a formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority in respect of a particular cause” and it is suitable for i blanks and the meaning of “affiliated” is “officially attached or connected to an organization” so it is appropriate for ii blank.

13) Correct answer- e)

The meaning of “reminder” is “hint or sign” and it is suitable for i blanks and the meaning of “delegations” is “a body of delegates or representatives; a deputation or commission” so it is appropriate for ii blank.

14) Correct answer- b)

The meaning of “perched” is “alight or rest on something” and it is suitable for i blanks and the meaning of “denigrating” is “criticize unfairly” a deputation or commission” so it is appropriate for ii blank.

15) Correct answer- c)

The meaning of “cropped” is “cut or remove” and it is suitable for i blanks and the meaning of “strained” is “stiff or uneasy” a deputation or commission” so it is appropriate for ii blank.

Direction (16-20): –

16). Correct answer- b)

The meaning of “act up” is to function improperly or to act in a way different from that which is normal or expected and the phrase has been applied properly in i and iii sentences.

17). Correct answer- c)

The meaning of “back down” is to withdraw a claim or assertion in the face of opposition and the phrase has been applied properly in i, ii and iv sentences.

18). Correct answer- d)

The meaning of “come about” is to happen; take place and the phrase has been applied properly in i and ii sentences.

19). Correct answer- e)

The meaning of “figure on” is to depend or rely on someone or something or expect (something) to happen or be the case and the phrase has been applied properly in all sentences.

20). Correct answer- d)

The meaning of “give away” is to a thing that is given free or to give up or abandon (something) and the phrase has been applied properly in i and iv sentences.

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