English Reading Comprehension with Detailed Explanation – IBPS, SSC Exam (Day-30)

English Reading Comprehension with Detailed Explanation – IBPS, SSC Exams (Day-30):

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(Directions 1-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.

A decade after the devastating tsunami on December 26, 2004, that killed more than 2 lakh people across 14 countries and levelled entire towns and villages, is the world, and India, where 12,000 people died, better prepared to deal with a crisis of that magnitude? In a heartening departure from the usual story of benign government neglect that characterises long-term responses to such events, indicates are that some lessons have indeed been learnt. Ten years on, and not without some finger-pointing and political jockeying, the multilateral, UNESCO supported Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System has established a network of seismometers, tidal gauges and tsunami buoys to detect undersea tremors. The Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre (ITEWC), meanwhile, also monitors seismic activity and tsunamis to provide advisories, giving officials two-and-a-half hours to organise and respond. The ITEWC is a sophisticated system, and it is a measure of its success that it is a designated regional tsunami service provider responsible for issuing bulletins to Indian Ocean rim countries.

Of course, gaps remain. As highlighted by Odisha’s improved response to cyclones- the state managed the impact of Cyclone Phailin in October last year- early warning alerts and technological fixes can only go so far. For effective disaster management and mitigation, it is imperative to build resilient infrastructure and educate people. Despite calls to “build back better”- disaster recovery parlance for creating infrastructure that would reduce vulnerability to future risks- reports suggest that authorities have failed to implement the coastal regulation zone notification in tsunami-affected area. The initial energy expended on training communities on proper response, building evacuation routes and shelters, and planning for relocation seems to have dissipated. This inertia is visible when dealing with other disasters, too, from cloudbursts and floods to landslides. The flouting of environmental regulation is commonplace, both in at-risk coastal communities and in places like Uttarakhand, where the Centre recently admitted that hydropower projects had “significantly degraded” the local ecology, exacerbating the impact of an extreme weather event.

If India is to effectively deal with natural calamity, the government must recognise that disaster management requires constant updation and capacity-building. This means recognising that locals are first responders and investing in strengthening the risk reduction capacities of local, city and regional authorities.

1)What are some of the developments regarding the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System?

1. It has sent various experts to keep a check on the tidal waves.
2. It has worked on spreading the wide network of seismometers.
3. It has established a network to detect undersea tremors.

1. Only A
2. Only B
3. Only C
4. Only A & B
5. Only B & C

2)Which is the most essential thing to make disaster management and mitigation effective?

1. Expert advice
2. Investment
3. Infrastructure
4. Authoritative intervention
5. Seismometers

3)Which of the following sentence cannot be inferred from the passage?

1. The disaster management system has some loopholes due to governmental negligence.
2. Education plays a vital role in making the disaster mitigation system effective.
3. The sad news is that authorities have failed to implement coastal regulation.
4. Even after long-term responses to such disaster, our government has not taken serious steps towards disaster management system.
5. None of these

4)Which of the following is correct according to the given passage?

1. The flouting of environmental regulations is rare.
2. The tsunami-affected areas have failed to implement coastal regulation zone notification.
3. Hydropower projects had significantly upgraded the local ecology.
4. Building evacuation routes and shelters for relocation seems to make great changes.
5. None of these.

5)What is/are the step(s) that need to be taken towards disaster management system?

1. Disaster management requires constant updation.
2. It involves capacity-building
3. Improving the risk reduction capacities of local, city and regional authorities.
4. Investment on the part of people living in the locality.
5. All the above.

 

6)Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word given in bold as used in the context of the passage.

Resilient

1. Hard
2. Stiff
3. Flexible
4. Effective
5. Attractive

7. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word given in bold as used in the context of the passage.

Benign

1. Harmless
2. Hateful
3. Hostile
4. Initial
5. Final

8. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the word given in bold as used in the context of the passage.

Flouting

1. Respect
2. Honour
3. Following
4. Repudiating
5. Disregard

9. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the word given in bold as used in the context of the passage.

Mitigation

1. Alleviation
2. Reduction
3. Increase
4. Conquest
5. Cut

10. Which of these is the main point highlighted by the author in the passage?

1. The earthquake and tsunami vulnerability of coastal areas.
2. The importance of disaster management for coping with a catastrophe.
3. The need for international funds to reduce detrimental effects of a disaster.
4. The role of information technology in reducing the impacts of disaster.
5. All of the above.

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