Important Computer Awareness Materials (Day-25) – Networking and Internet (part-1):
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Introduction of Computer Networking and Internet (part-1)
Computer networking means communication between a group of two or more computer systems linked together. Networks are built with a mix of computer hardware and computer software.
LANs and WANs were the original flavors of network design.
Local Area Network (LAN):
A LAN connects network devices over a relatively short distance. It is a system in which computers are interconnected and the geographical spread may be within a building to 1 kilometer.
TYPE OF LAN
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN):
It is a data network designed for a town or city. This type of network is spread over a city. It connects an area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as a city, with dedicated or high performance hardware.
Wide Area Network (WAN):
A WAN is a geographically dispersed collection of LANs. It is like the internet spans most of the world. In IP networking, the router maintains both a LAN address and a WAN address.
TYPES OF WAN
INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK (ISDN)
PRIVATE NETWORK
Private Network provides services at various locations using private or leased circuits by using technology of its choice.
It is mostly used to carry large volume of data at very high speed transmission.
It uses Modem’s multiplexes and other communication devices.
Network Topology:
Topology is the geometric arrangement of a computer system. Each computer system in a topology is known as a node. Network topology is determined only by the configuration of connections between nodes.
Bus Topology:
A bus topology is such that there is a single line to which all nodes are connected and the nodes connect only to this bus.
Mesh Topology:
This type of network topology contains at least two nodes with two or more paths between them.
Ring Topology:
In this network topology, every node has exactly two branches connected to it. The ring is broken and cannot work if one of the nodes on the ring fails.
Star Topology:
In this network topology, the peripheral nodes are connected to a central node, which rebroadcasts all transmissions received from any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes on the network, including the originating node.
Tree Topology:
This is a network topology in which nodes’ are arranged as a tree. The function of the central node in this topology may be distributed.
CLIENT-SERVER NETWORKING
It is a network application architecture which separates the client from the server.
It is a scalable architecture, where each computer or process on the network is either a client or a server.
PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKING
It is also known as P2P networking.
This computer network relies on computing power at the edges of a connection rather than in the network itself.
It is used for sharing content like audio, video, data or anything in digital format.
P2P network can also mean grid computing.
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This post was last modified on July 4, 2020 2:19 pm