Dear Readers, Here we have given the list of Important Weekly Current Affairs 4th week of January 2019. Candidates those who are preparing for Upcoming NIACL AO 2018-2019 and other competitive exams can make use of it.
Current Affairs: Important Days
Date |
Important days |
Theme |
January 24 |
National Girl Child Day |
– |
January 24 |
Uttar Pradesh foundation day |
– |
January 25 |
National Voters Day |
No Voter to be left behind |
January 26 |
Republic Day |
– |
January 26 |
International Customs Day |
SMART borders for seamless Trade |
January 29 |
Data privacy day |
– |
Current Affairs: National
- India is considering a plan to transfer cash to farmers to ease their financial burden instead of offering subsidies. Finance Minister ArunJaitley had budgeted 701 billion rupees for farm subsidies in the year ending March 31.
- Prime Minister NarendraModi inaugurated the Subhash Chandra Bose museum at the iconic Red Fort in New Delhi to mark the leader’s 122nd birth anniversary
- The government has reportedly revived plans to change the fiscal year to January-December from the April-March period.
- Minister of State for AyushShripadNaik inaugurated the 2nd World Integrated Medicine Forum 2019 in Panaji, Goa.
USEFUL INFO |
Theme of the forum |
Regulation of Homeopathic Medical Products; Advancing Global Collaboration |
Union Minister of State in the Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy |
ShripadNaik |
Constituency |
North Goa |
- Central government jobs and services which come up from February onwards will have to implement the 10% quota for economically weaker sections (EWS), the Union ministry of personnel, grievances and pensions has notified.
- Lieutenant BhavanaKasturi has become the first woman to lead an all-men Army contingent in Republic Day parade by leading the Indian Army Service Corps contingent.
- I&B Ministry to increase advertisement rates by 11% to private TV channels
USEFUL INFO |
Minister of Information and Broadcasting |
Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore |
Constituency |
Jaipur Rural, Rajasthan |
- GST on Haj has been reduced from 18 per cent to 5 per cent and this will significantly lower the air fare thus saving Haj pilgrims’ 113 crore rupees this year
- Union Civil Aviation Minister Suresh Prabhu inaugurated India’s 1st Geographical Indication (GI) Store at Goa International Airport in Dabolim
- Western Railway provides segways to RPF personnel to enable stricter patrolling
USEFUL INFO |
WesternRailway Headquarter |
Mumbai, Maharashtra |
WesternRailway General Manager |
Anil Kumar Gupta |
- India’s first indigenously built engineless semi high speed train, Train 18, has been named Vande Bharat Express
- National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA) to organize the first edition of Night at the Museum
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) launched National Agricultural Higher Education Project (NAHEP) to attract talent and strengthen higher agricultural education in the country
USEFUL INFO |
ICAR Headquarters |
New Delhi |
ICAR Director |
TrilochanMohapatra |
- The Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) has been renamed as the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade
USEFUL INFO |
Minister for Commerce and Industry |
Suresh Prabhu |
Constituency |
Andhra Pradesh, RajyaSabha |
- Prime Minister NarendraModi dedicated the National Salt Satyagraha memorial monument to recall the historic DandiYatra on Mahatma Gandhi’s death anniversary
Current Affairs: International
- The Israel and US countries have successfully tested ballistic missile interceptors deployed at Israeli airbases.
USEFUL INFO |
Israel Capital |
Jerusalem |
Israel Currency |
New Shekel |
Israel President |
ReuvenRivlin |
USA Capital |
Washington, D.C. |
USA Currency |
US Dollar |
USA President |
Donald Trump |
- Saudi Arabia builds its 1st ballistic missile factory
USEFUL INFO |
Saudi Arabia Capital |
Riyadh |
Saudi Arabia Currency |
Riyal |
Saudi Arabia King |
Salman of Saudi Arabia |
- Pakistan government declared sugarcane juice as the “national drink” of the country
- SumanKumari has become the first Hindu woman in Pakistan to be appointed as a civil judge
USEFUL INFO |
Pakistan Capital |
Islamabad |
Pakistan Currency |
Rupee |
Pakistan Prime Minister |
Imran Khan |
- Dubai International Airport has retained its position as the world’s busiest airport for the fifth consecutive year in a row in 2018
- The Trump administration imposed sweeping sanctions on Venezuelan state owned oil firm PDVSA
USEFUL INFO |
USA Capital |
Washington DC |
USA Currency |
Dollar |
USA President |
Donald Trump |
- India and China have signed the protocol for exports of Indian tobacco leaves to China
USEFUL INFO |
China Capital |
Beijing |
China Currency |
Renminbi, Yuan |
China President |
Xi Jinping |
- Syria signed long-term economic cooperation deal with Iran
USEFUL INFO |
Iran Capital |
Tehran |
Iran Currency |
Iranian rial |
Iran President |
Hassan Rouhani |
Syria Capital |
Damascus |
Syria Currency |
Syrian pound |
Syria President |
Bashar al-Assad |
- The central banks of the UAE and Saudi Arabia have launched a common digital currency called “Aber” which will be used in financial settlements between the two countries through Blockchains and Distributed Ledgers technologies
Current Affairs: State
- An all-woman political party was launched in Mumbai under the banner of National Women’s Party (NWP).
2. Maharashtra government launched special scheme to curb infant deaths
USEFUL INFO |
Maharashtra Capital |
Mumbai |
Maharashtra Chief Minister |
DevendraFadnavis |
Maharashtra Governor |
C. VidyasagarRao |
- Rajasthan government to issue 1Lakh power connections to farmers by June 2019
- 12th Jaipur literature festival held in Jaipur.
USEFUL INFO |
Rajasthan Capital |
Jaipur |
Rajasthan Chief Minister |
Ashok Gehlot |
Rajasthan Governor |
Kalyan Singh |
- Tamil Nadu Chief Minister launched nursery classes in government schools
- Deals worth 3 lakh crore signed at Tamil Nadu Global Investors Meet
- Prime Minister NarendraModi laid the foundation stone for All India Institutes of Medical Sciences, AIIMS at Madurai in Tamil Nadu
USEFUL INFO |
Tamil Nadu Capital |
Chennai |
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister |
Edappadi K. Palaniswami |
Tamil Nadu Governor |
BanwarilalPurohit |
- Assam approves 10% quota for economically weaker sections of general class
USEFUL INFO |
Assam Capital |
Dispur |
Assam Chief Minister |
SarbanandaSonowal |
Assam Governor |
JagdishMukhi |
- Goa Cabinet approves 2,000 fine for drinking in public
- Union Minister NitinGadkari inaugurated four-lane, 5.1 kilometre long “AtalSetu”, the third Cable Bridge across river Mandovi in Panaji, Goa
USEFUL INFO |
Goa Capital |
Panaji |
Goa Chief Minister |
ManoharParrikar |
Goa Governor |
MridulaSinha |
- Punjab government to set up development authority for Anandpur Sahib
USEFUL INFO |
Punjab Capital |
Chandigarh |
Punjab Chief Minister |
Amarinder Singh |
Punjab Governor |
V.P. Singh Badnore |
- Jammu and Kashmir Governor Satya Pal Malik gave his assent to the Jammu and Kashmir Reservation (Amendment) Bill, 2014, granting reservation to people belonging to the Pahari community in government jobs.
USEFUL INFO |
Jammu and Kashmir Capital |
Jammu (Winter), Kashmir (Summer) |
Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister |
– (President Rule) |
Jammu and Kashmir Governor |
Satya Pal Malik |
- Prime Minister NarendraModi dedicated the Integrated Refinery Expansion Complex of BPCL in Kochi to the nation
- The Kerala government will soon launch a ‘Pravasi Dividend Pension Scheme’ to provide regular pension to Non Resident Keralites on a onetime payment of Rs 5 lakh
- Operation Olympics’, an expert programme to train atheletes in 11 disciplines has commenced in Kerala
USEFUL INFO |
Kerala Capital |
Thiruvananthapuram |
Kerala Chief Minister |
PinarayiVijayan |
Kerala Governor |
P. Sadasivam |
- Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Kamal Nath announced the launch of the ‘YuvaSwabhimanYojana’ for youths from the economically weaker sections in urban areas
USEFUL INFO |
Madhya Pradesh Capital |
Bhopal |
Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister |
Kamal Nath |
Madhya Pradesh Governor |
Anandiben Patel |
- Andhra Pradesh government will provide 100 units free power to the Most Backward Classes (MBCs)
USEFUL INFO |
Andhra Pradesh Capital |
Hyderabad, Amaravathi |
Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister |
Chandrababu Naidu |
Andhra Pradesh Governor |
ESL Narashiman |
- Uttarakhand’s first tulip garden will come up over 50 hectares of forest land in Pithoragarh district at a cost of Rs 50 crore
USEFUL INFO |
UttarakhandCapital |
Dehradun |
UttarakhandChief Minister |
Trivendra Singh Rawat |
UttarakhandGovernor |
Baby Rani Maurya |
- Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik announced “JibanSampark” project
USEFUL INFO |
OdishaCapital |
Bhubaneswar |
Odisha Chief Minister |
Naveen Patnaik |
OdishaGovernor |
GaneshiLal |
- Uttar Pradesh state cabinet approved construction of a four lane Ganga Expressway connecting Prayagraj to Western Utter Pradesh which would cost about 36,000 crore rupees. Ganga Expressway will be 600 kilometres long and can be expanded to six-lane in future
USEFUL INFO |
Uttar Pradesh Capital |
Lucknow |
Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister |
Yogi Adithiyanath |
Uttar Pradesh Governor |
Ram Naik |
21. First SwadeshDarshan project inaugurated in Sikkim
USEFUL INFO |
Sikkim Capital |
Gangtok |
Sikkim Chief Minister |
Pawan Kumar Chamling |
Sikkim Governor |
Ganga Prasad |
Current Affairs: Banking and Finance
- ICICI Bank has launched a new premium savings account for upwardly-mobile male customers, named ‘The ONE’. It is available in two variants – Magnum and Titanium.
- ICICI Bank has become the top arranger of bond issues for the period between April and December 2018.
USEFUL INFO |
ICICI Bank Headquarters |
Mumbai |
ICICI Bank MD and CEO |
SandeepBakhshi |
ICICI Bank Tagline |
Hum Hain Na! |
- The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) has approved BhartiAirtel’s acquisition of Tata Teleservices’ (TTSL) mobility business.
USEFUL INFO |
BhartAirtel Headquarters |
New Delhi |
BhartAirtel CEO |
GopalVittal |
Tata Teleservices’ Headquarters |
Mumbai |
Tata Teleservices’ CEO |
SrinathNarasimhan |
- The Maharashtra government has partnered with private sector lender YES Bank, under its e-PDS State programme, to onboard fair price shops (FPS) as Business Correspondent Agents.
USEFUL INFO |
Yes Bank Headquarters |
Mumbai |
Yes Bank MD and CEO |
RanaKapoor |
Yes Bank Tagline |
Experience our Expertise |
- SBI Card and Etihad Guest, the loyalty programme of Etihad Airways, have joined hands to launch a travel specific Visa credit card for members and Indian travellers.
USEFUL INFO |
State Bank of India Headquarters |
Mumbai |
State Bank of India Tagline |
With you all the way, Pure Banking Nothing Else, The Nation’s banks on us. |
State Bank of India MD and CEO |
Rajnish Kumar |
- LIC completes 51% controlling acquisition in IDBI Bank
USEFUL INFO |
IDBI Bank Headquarters |
Mumbai |
IDBI Bank MD and CEO |
Rakesh Sharma |
IDBI Bank Tagline |
Banking For All, “AaoSocheinBada”. |
LIC Headquarters |
Mumbai |
LIC Chirman |
HemantBhargav |
LIC Tagline |
ZindagikeSaathbhi, zindagikebaadbhi |
- The Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister, headed by NITI Aayog Member BibekDebroy stated that India’s economic growth is expected to remain in the range 7-7.5 per cent in the next few years
- Dewan Housing Finance Corporation Ltd has raised Rs. 1,375 crore from funds managed by Oaktree Capital Management
USEFUL INFO |
DHFL Headquarters |
Mumbai |
DHFL Chairman and Managing Director |
KapilWadhawan |
- Kia Motors, the South Korean global automotive major, is all set to commence trial run of its $1 billion greenfield plant in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh
- Reserve Bank of India will inject Rs 37,500 crore into the system through purchase of government securities in February to increase liquidity
- According to RBI data on ‘Census on Foreign Liabilities and Assets of Indian Direct Investment Companies, 2017-18’, foreign direct investment (FDI) during the previous fiscal grew 18 per cent to Rs 28.25 lakh crore
USEFUL INFO |
RBI Headquarters |
Mumbai |
RBI Governor |
Shaktikant Das |
RBI Deputy Governor |
BP Kanungo, N S Vishwanathan, Viral Acharya and Mahesh Kumar Jain |
12. State Bank of India set to own 15% in Jet Airways
USEFUL INFO |
State Bank of IndiaChairman |
Rajnish Kumar |
State Bank of IndiaHeadquarters |
Mumbai |
State Bank of IndiaTagline |
The Banker to every Indian |
13. IndiaFirst Life Insurance buys 9 percent stake in CSC e-Governance Services
USEFUL INFO |
IndiaFirst Life Insurance Headquarters |
Mumbai |
IndiaFirst Life Insurance CEO |
R. M. Vishakha |
CSC e-Governance Services CEO |
Dinesh Tyagi |
- The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) has fixed the total priority sector credit potential for Telangana at Rs. 1,01,378.60 crore for 2019-20
USEFUL INFO |
NABARD Headquarters |
Mumbai |
NABARD Chairman |
Harsh Kumar Bhanwala |
- The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has proposed a new framework for REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts) and InvITs (Infrastructure Investment Trusts) in order to provide flexibility to the issuers in terms of fund raising and increasing the access of these investment vehicles to investors
USEFUL INFO |
SEBI Headquarters |
Mumbai |
SEBI Chairman |
Ajay Tyagi |
Current Affairs: Appointments
Agyey Kumar Azad |
Punjab National Bank has a new Executive Director |
PiyushGoyal |
Interim Finance Minister and Minister of Corporate |
Ravneet Gill |
MD and CEO of Yes Bank |
RonojoyDutta |
IndiGo CEO |
Parthasarathi Mukherjee |
Lakshmi Vilas Bank MD and CEO (Reappoint) |
Vice Admiral G Ashok Kumar |
Vice Chief of Navy Staff (VCNS) |
DilipSadarangani |
part time Chairman of Federal Bank |
Civil Aviation Secretary Rajiv NayanChoubey |
Member of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) |
Sultan Abdullah Sultan Ahmad Shah |
Malaysia’s new king |
PoonamKhetrapal Singh |
Regional Director of World Health Organization South-East Asia |
SunjaySudhir |
India’s Ambassador to the Maldives |
Current Affairs: Resignation
BK Divakara |
Executive Director (ED) of Central Bank of India |
Current Affairs: Committee
- Insurance regulator IRDAI set up a panel to identity domestically systemically important insurers (SII) and put in place an enhanced regulatory framework for them. The committee headed by PravinKutumbe, Member Finance & Investment, Irdai, has been asked to submit report in six months
USEFUL INFO |
IRDAI Headquarters |
Hyderabad |
IRDAIChairperson |
Subhash Chandra Khuntia |
Current Affairs: Awards and Honours
Rishabh Pant |
ICC Men’s Emerging Cricketer of 2018 |
Pranab Mukherjee,NanajiDeshmukh, BhupenHazarika |
Bharat Ratna |
- President Ram NathKovind awarded India’s highest civilian honour Bharat Ratna to ex-President Pranab Mukherjee, late social activist NanajiDeshmukh and late music maestro BhupenHazarika.
- Nari Shakti (women empowerment) has been chosen as the Hindi word of the year 2018 by Oxford Dictionaries
- Assam government has conferred the Republic Day Journalism Award 2019 to veteran journalist and former editor DhirendraNathChakraborty
- The Tamil translation of Andrei Makine’s “La vie d’un homme inconnu” (The Life of an Unknown Man) was awarded the second Romain Rolland Prize for literary translation at the Jaipur Literature Festival
- India received the Award of Excellence for ‘Best in Show’ at the recently concluded New York Times Travel Show 2019, It is the largest travel show in North America which held in New York
- Tamil Nadu was declared as the ‘Best State Overall’ for exemplary participation in the Swasth Bharat Yatra, Madurai and Sivakasi won the awards for the best performing districts in the state
SAG – Screen Actors Guild Awards 2019
- “Black Panther” took home the top award for best performance by a cast in a motion picture at the 2019 Screen Actors Guild Awards
- On the TV front, “This Is Us” nabbed the ensemble award for drama,
- While “The MarvelousMrs.Maisel” won the comedy prize.
S. No |
Category |
Winner |
1.
|
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role |
Rami Malek, “Bohemian Rhapsody” |
2. |
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role |
Glenn Close, “The Wife” |
3. |
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role |
Mahershala Ali, “Green Book” |
4. |
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role |
Emily Blunt, “A Quiet Place” |
5. |
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture |
“Black Panther” |
6. |
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Miniseries |
Darren Criss, “Assassination of Gianni Versace” |
7. |
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Miniseries |
Patricia Arquette, “Escape at Dannemora” |
8. |
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series |
Jason Bateman, “Ozark” |
9. |
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series |
Sandra Oh, “Killing Eve” |
10. |
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series |
Tony Shalhoub, “The MarvelousMrs.Maisel” |
11. |
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series |
Rachel Brosnahan, “The MarvelousMrs.Maisel” |
12. |
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series |
“This Is Us” |
13. |
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series |
“The MarvelousMrs.Maisel” |
14. |
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Comedy or Drama Series: |
“Glow” |
15. |
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture |
“Black Panther” |
Current Affairs: Summit and Conference
- The annual meet of World Economic Forum (WEF) begin in Davos.
USEFUL INFO |
Theme |
‘Globalization 4.0: Shaping a Global Architecture in the Age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution’ |
Switzerland Capital |
Bern |
Switzerland Currency |
Franc |
Switzerland President |
Alain Berset |
- The two-day Global Investors Summit, being organised by Tamil Nadu government, held in Chennai.
USEFUL INFO |
Tamil Nadu Capital |
Chennai |
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister |
Edappadi K. Palaniswami |
Tamil Nadu Governor |
BanwarilalPurohit |
- Maharashtra cabinet approved Rs. 25 crore for Divyangs
USEFUL INFO |
Maharashtra Capital |
Mumbai |
Maharashtra Chief Minister |
DevendraFadnavis |
Maharashtra Governor |
C. VidyasagarRao |
Current affairs: Science and technology
- The world’s longest 3D-printed concrete pedestrian bridge, which is 26.3 metre-long and 3.6-metre-wide, opened in China’s Shanghai.
- ISRO launched student-made satellite Kalamsat-V2 into space
- ISRO becomes first agency to use fourth stage of rocket as orbital platform
USEFUL INFO |
ISRO Headquarters |
Bangalore |
ISRO Director |
Kailasavadivoo Sivan |
- Roshni an Android Mobile app developed by IIT Ropar helps the visually impaired recognise Indian currency notes
Current affairs: Mou
- Union Cabinet has approved the signing of Memorandum of Understanding between India and Kuwait for cooperation on the recruitment of domestic workers.
USEFUL INFO |
Kuwait Capital |
Kuwait City |
Kuwait Currency |
Dinar |
Kuwait Emir |
Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah |
Current Affairs: Ranking
- The Southern Railway has bagged the number one position for cleanliness in the country
USEFUL INFO |
Southern Railway Headquarter |
Chennai |
Southern Railway General Manager |
R.K. Kulshrestha |
2. According to Cisco’s ‘Data Privacy Benchmark Study’ for 2019, India ranks sixth in General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) readiness index
- According to World Steel Association (worldsteel) India has replaced Japan as world’s second largest steel producing country
4. According to the annual index by global watchdog Transparency International India has improved its ranking on a global corruption index in 2018 by three points and moved to 78th position with a score of 41
USEFUL INFO |
Transparency International Headquarters |
Berlin, Germany |
Transparency International Managing Director |
Patricia Moreira |
- As per the National Sample Survey Office’s (NSSO’s) periodic labour force survey (PLFS) of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, India’s unemployment rate hit a 45 year high of 6.1 per cent in 2017-18. its highest level since 1972-73
- The Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) has become India’s only port to get listed among the top 30 global container ports.
Current Affairs: Defence
- The Indian Army is planning to purchase over 3,000 Milan 2T anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM) from France in a deal worth over Rs. 1,000 crore.
USEFUL INFO |
France Capital |
Paris |
France Currency |
Euro, CFP Franc |
France President |
Emmanuel Macron |
Chief of Indian Army |
BipinRawat |
Vice Chief of Indian Army |
DevrajAnbu |
- Navy Chief Admiral Sunil Lanba commissioned the new Naval Air Base ‘INS Kohassa’ at Diglipur in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
USEFUL INFO |
Chief of the Naval Staff |
Admiral Sunil Lanba |
Vice Chief of the Naval Staff |
Admiral Ajit Kumar |
- Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully test-fired Barak 8 LRSAM (Long Range Surface-to-Air Missile) from naval warship INS Chennai off the coast of Odisha.
USEFUL INFO |
DRDO Headquarters |
New Delhi |
DRDO Chairman |
G. Satheesh Reddy |
Current Affairs: Sports
- ViratKohli has become the first player to win all three major annual ICC awards in a single year for his performances in 2018. Kohli was named Men’s Test Player of the Year for the first time, while he also won Cricketer and ODI Player of Year awards.
- Mohammed Shami became the fastest Indian bowler to claim 100 ODI wickets, during the first one-dayer against New Zealand at Napier.
- India’s opening batsman ShikharDhawan became the second fastest Indian to 5000 ODI runs in the first ODI between India and New Zealand at McLean Park in Napier.
- WasimJaffer becomes 1st player to score 1,000 runs in a Ranji season twice
- Windies captain Jason Holder slammed 202*(229) in the second innings of the first Test against England, becoming only the third batsman in Test cricket history to score a double ton batting at number eight.
- Former US Open women’s singles winner Sam Stosur teamed up with Zhang Shuai to overcome defending champions TimeaBabos and Kristina Mladenovic to claim the Australian Open women’s doubles title.
- Novak Djokovic defeated Rafael Nadal to win his 7th Australian Open Men’s Singles title at Melbourne. In Women’s Singles, Japan’s Naomi Osaka clinched her maiden Australian Open Grand Slam Singles title in Melbourne
- Ace shuttlerSainaNehwal won her first Indonesia Masters title after three-time world champion Carolina Marin limped out of the final due to a leg injury.
- India’s Kartik Sharma won the New South Wales men’s Amateur Golf Championship in Australia
- Frenchman Jean-Luc van den Heede won the round-the-world Golden Globe race without the help of modern technology after 211 days at sea
Current Affairs: Obituaries
Raghbir Singh Bhola |
Former India hockey player |
BhanuPrakash Singh |
Former Union minister, ex-Goa Governor |
Krishna Sobti |
Hindi writer |
Michel Legrand |
French composer |
George Fernandes |
Former Defence Minister |