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Directions (1-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
“Jackfruit is really good because you can make proper money from it,” confides Dominador Villasis, an elderly farmer whose fields lie near the town of Inopacan on the island of Leyte. Nineteen years since he planted his first tree, money from the fruit, which tastes faintly of pineapple with wafts of banana, has allowed him to swap a bicycle for a motorbike and to care for his extended family. Jackfruit trees can be planted alongside coconut palms, the main local crop, and a hectare of them can bring in $12,000 a year, says Joe Bacusmo of Visayas State University. Leyte lies among the islands of the Eastern Visayas, one of the most deprived parts of the Philippines. About 30% of the people in the region are poor, according to the government; in the country as a whole the share is around 17%. This represents progress of a sort. Over the past three decades extreme poverty has more than halved in the Philippines by the World Bank’s measure. But several nearby countries, such as Vietnam, China and Thailand, have managed almost to eradicate the scourge in a far shorter time. One problem is low growth: between 1980 and 2005 the average annual increase in GDP was just 0.63% per person, a pathetic pace by regional standards. More recently a leap in remittances from the millions of Filipinos who work abroad and a boom in the outsourcing of back-office work to the country by Western firms have boosted growth. Forecasts suggest that GDP will expand by over 6% this year, as it did last year.
But the growth is concentrated in Manila and the two neighbouring provinces, which generate around 60% of the country’s output. Not only do people in the farthest-flung parts of the archipelago not share in the prosperity, they also do not have the money to move to Manila or the education to land a job if they get there. In particular, many in the provinces do not speak Tagalog, the national language, let alone English, which employers prize (the country has eight main languages and dozens of local dialects). Jobs in rural areas are scarce. Around a third of Filipinos survive through farming or fishing, industries in which productivity has lagged badly. Unfair systems of land ownership left over from colonial times are largely to blame. Powerful families have kept huge estates through their political influence; the family of former presidents Corazon and Benigno Aquino is a case in point. Feeble land reform began in the late 1980s and is still under way (reforms in Taiwan, South Korea and Vietnam were far faster and more resolute). It has created prolonged uncertainty over the status of land, discouraging investment. Much-needed irrigation systems are not widespread, for example. Poor parts of the Philippines tend to have higher birth rates, as in most countries. The average woman in Leyte will have 3.5 children during her lifetime. Her counterpart in Manila will have just 2.3. Contraceptive use has risen dramatically since the 1970s, but a fifth of poor married women still say they have an unmet need for family planning.
a) Only i
b) Only ii
c) i & iii
d) i & ii
e) All of the above
a) Only i
b) Only ii
c) i & iii
d) i & ii
e) All of the above
a) Only i
b) Only ii
c) i & iii
d) i & ii
e) All of the above
a) Only i
b) Only ii
c) i & iii
d) i & ii
e) All of the above
a) Only i
b) Only ii
c) i & iii
d) i & ii
e) All of the above
a) Slow growth rate of Philippines
b) Poverty in the Philippines
c) Problem of higher birth rate in Philippines
d) Concentrated growth in Manila
e) Jackfruit farming in Philippines
a) Admit
b) Tell
c) Conceal
d) Suppress
e) None of the above
a) Curse
b) Poverty issue
c) Boon
d) Delight
e) None of the above
a) Shelter
b) Group of island
c) Group of retreat
d) Bane
e) None of the above
a) Feasible
b) Effective
c) Poor
d) Sapless
e) None of the above
Directions (11-20): Following question consists of two sentences. Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical error in it and mark your answer accordingly from the given options.
11.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
12.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
13.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
14.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
15.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
16.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
17.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
18.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
19.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
20.
a) If there is an error only in the first sentence
b) If there is an error only in the second sentence
c) If there are errors in both sentences; and
d) If there is no error in either of the sentences.
e) If there are more than two errors in either of the sentence.
Directions (21-30): In the given passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Against each five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, it is said in Turkey, now channels the French monarch, Louis XIV — l’état, c’est moi (I am the state). Anyone who crosses Mr. Erdoğan is seen as an enemy of the state, regardless of his or her politics. Most recently, some intellectuals have been (21) guilty of this crime and sentenced to ‘aggravated life imprisonment’, the highest sentence in the country (the death penalty is banned). These people are (22) journalists, novelists and academics and hold differing political opinions. Ahmet Altan (journalist and novelist) and his brother Mehmet Altan (professor of economics) are both left-liberals. Nazli Ilicak (journalist) is an archconservative. Ahmet Altan has been (23) of giving “subliminal pro-coup” signals on a television programme two years ago. After the failed coup of July 15, 2016, Mr. Erdoğan began a (24) of all institutions in Turkey, removing anyone who he felt differed with his agenda. Taking its orders from the President, the state machinery has since detained and arrested thousands. Well over 100,000 people have lost their jobs. For the past 19 months, the government has (25) by decree, an emergency form of government that has been enacted in the name of preserving Turkey from a military coup. A coup against democracy, in other words, now operates to prevent a coup against democracy. Anyone who opposes Mr. Erdoğan’s war in Syria or in Turkey’s southeastern provinces is seen as anti-national. After the Turkish Medical Association issued a declaration that stated the truism that “war is a matter of public health”, the authors of the declaration were arrested and removed from their jobs. When 1,200 academics signed a petition that (26) that ‘they shall not be complicit’ in the Turkish government’s war against the Turkish Kurds in the south-east, the government got them all fired and has filed criminal charges.
Selahattin Demirtaş, the squeaky-clean leader of the People’s Democratic Party (HDP), has been in prison for more than a year, along with others from his party. Numerous elected parliamentarians and mayors (27) to the HDP have been removed from office, arrested or accused of supporting terrorism. This is despite the fact that the HDP — Turkey’s third largest party in Parliament — has stated its opposition to terrorism and commit Things do change, with a (28) and not with a bang. Changes in our lives creep upon us and before we know it they become part of our daily habits. This is true of changes in society as well as in nature. Earlier, Bengaluru used to be known for its gardens and greenery. Even the Kannada spoken in Bengaluru was leisurely and didn’t trip over its syllables in a hurry. We drank water off the taps and had no fans in our houses. Today, Bengaluru has become a developed city. We (29) of the world’s first burning lake, of increasing incidences of diseases related to the low quality of air, and a falling public health profile. The list could go on. These problems are part of every town and city in India. We do not really know how we got from there to here. Like most development, changes often happen silently and outside our control. The recent report that ranks India 177 out of 180 countries in the Environmental Performance Index is not just an indicator of pollution but is as much an indicator of our indifference. The science fiction dystopia of biotech-created monsters or virulent viruses is not the real danger of unthinking development. It is when lakes catch fire, as the one in Bengaluru does so often, when we are ranked so low in the air quality index, or when water tastes like it is (30) in a chemistry lab that we realise we are already in the midst of this dystopia and don’t need Hollywood films to frighten us about it.
21.
a) Created
b) Found
c) Formed
d) Erected
e) Commenced
22.
a) Distinguished
b) Noble
c) Honored
d) Undignified
e) Obscure
23.
a) Indicted
b) Implicated
c) Accused
d) Held
e) Claimed
24.
a) Eradication
b) Cleanup
c) Keep
d) Purge
e) Abstersion
25.
a) Controlled
b) Ruled
c) Managed
d) Administered
e) Authorized
26.
a) Said
b) Stated
c) Fixed
d) Told
e) Settled
27.
a) Relating
b) Belonging
c) Combining
d) Citing
e) Having
28.
a) Whimper
b) Cry
c) Hardly
d) Slowly
e) Rapidly
29.
a) Tell
b) Boast
c) Express
d) State
e) Inform
30.
a) Made
b) Cooked
c) Had
d) Formed
e) Extracted
Answers:
Direction (1-10)
1). Correct Answer is: d), author compared Philippines due to i & ii, iii is not correct in the context of the passage.
2). Correct Answer is: d), i & ii are true in the context of the passage.
3). Correct Answer is: b), remittances have boosted growth.
4). Correct Answer is: e), all of the above are the reason of concentrated growth.
5). Correct Answer is: e), all of the above are true in the context of the passage.
6). Correct Answer is: b), poverty in Philippines will be the most suitable title of the passage.
7). Correct Answer is: a), confides means admit.
8). Correct Answer is: a), scourge means curse.
9). Correct Answer is: b), archipelago is the group of island.
10). Correct Answer is: b), antonyms of feeble will be effective.
Direction (11-20)
11). Correct Answer is: a), the error is in first sentence only, where ‘say’ is wrong, it is a past event, so it will be ‘said’ and the article ‘a’ is wrong before the word ‘open’ so it will be ‘an’.
12). Correct Answer is: b), the error is in second sentence, that the helping verb ‘have’ is used wrongly. It should be ‘has’.
13). Correct Answer is: d), there are no errors in either of the sentences.
14). Correct Answer is: a), the error is in first sentence, where phrase ‘came up’ is wrong in tense, it should be ‘come up’.
15). Correct Answer is: c), there are errors in both the sentences. In sentence first, the use of preposition ‘in’ is wrong, it should be ‘of’. In second sentence, use of ‘is’ is wrong because the noun is plural, so, it should be ‘are’.
16). Correct Answer is: b), there is an error in second sentence i.e., the demonstrative adjective is wrong, it should be ‘those’ because the noun (accounts) is plural.
17). Correct Answer is: a), the error is in first sentence, where helping verb ‘was’ is wrong, it should be ‘were’ because noun is plural.
18). Correct Answer is: b), there is an error in second sentence i.e., the verb ‘tinker’ should be tinkered because the sentence is in past tense.
19). Correct Answer is: e), there are more than two errors in either of the sentence. In sentence first, there is no article before the noun ‘scientist’ which should be ‘a scientist’. The article ‘at’ before the Bermuda triangle’ is wrong; it should be ‘in’. In the second sentence, the helping verb ‘is’ wrong because the noun is plural. So it should be ‘are’.
20). Correct Answer is: a), the error is only in first sentence, the verb ‘serve’ should have ‘s’ or ‘es’ because the pronoun is singular, so it will be ‘serves’.
Direction (21-30)
21). Correct Answer is: b), found will be used in case of guilty.
22). Correct Answer is: a), distinguished means very famous.
23). Correct Answer is: c), accused will be used here which means charge someone with offence or crime.
24). Correct Answer is: d), purge will be used here which means rid of an unwanted condition.
25). Correct Answer is: b), ruled will be used here. It is used in case of government. It means to exercise ultimate power.
26). Correct Answer is: b), in case of petition or any statement said by any honored institution or person stated will be used.
27). Correct Answer is: b), belonging will be used here which means related to something.
28). Correct Answer is: a), whimper will be used here which means cry softly.
29). Correct Answer is: b), boast will be used here which means talk with excessive pride.
30). Correct Answer is: a), made will be used here.
This post was last modified on June 7, 2018 5:24 pm